@ARTICLE{Rybak_Aurelia_The_2018,
 author={Rybak, Aurelia and Manowska, Anna},
 volume={vol. 21},
 number={No 4},
 journal={Polityka Energetyczna - Energy Policy Journal},
 pages={141–154},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2018},
 publisher={Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN},
 abstract={The article presents a synthetic analysis of the crude oil market in Poland. As of today, this safety is provided mainly on the basis of native lignite and hard coal resources. However, the analysis of the hard coal market conducted by the authors indicates that the carried out mining restructuring (among others) led to an excessive reduction of mining volume and employment level in the hard coal mining sector. This led to a precedent situation when Poland became an importer of this energy carrier. In addition, the European Union’s requirements for greenhouse gas emissions must be taken into account. In connection with the above, it is necessary to search for new energy sources or technologies that enable hard coal to meet the requirements. It is possible to apply the so-called clean coal technologies that allow the greenhouse gas emissions generated during coal combustion to be reduced. As of today, they are not used on a mass scale, because the use of this type of technology involves additional financial expenses. However, taking into account that technologies have been growing faster and faster, are modernized in a shorter time, making a breakthrough discovery took hundreds of years, now it is often a few months, clean coal technologies can become the optimal solution in the near future. It is also necessary to diversify the sources of obtaining imported energy carriers. The article describes coal and crude oil in terms of their mutual substitution. The article is a continuation of research conducted by the authors. Previous publications presented considerations on analogous topics related to natural gas and renewable energy sources. The crude oil market in Poland was analyzed and forecasts for oil extraction and the demand in the world and Poland by 2023 were presented. The SARIMA model was also created. The model made it possible to obtain oil an prices forecast.},
 type={Article},
 title={The future of crude oil and hard coal in the aspect of Poland’s energy security},
 URL={http://ochroma.man.poznan.pl/Content/108647/PDF/08-Rybak-Manowska.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/124505},
 keywords={crude oil market, energy resources, ARIMA model},
}