@ARTICLE{Ziętek_J._The_2019,
 author={Ziętek, J. and Guz, L. and Wójcik, A. and Winiarczyk, S. and Adaszek, Ł.},
 volume={vol.22},
 number={No 2},
 journal={Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences},
 pages={259–262},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2019},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences Committee of Veterinary Sciences},
 publisher={University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn},
 abstract={Edible snails are kept in farms in many countries worldwide. As farm animals, they are an object of interest of veterinary studies and applied biology. There is a large demand for tests which would help identify their health and well-being. The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness of determining the concentration of urea in hemolymph as a marker of health of the Lissachatina fulica and Cornu aspersum edible snails. The observation covered snails from four farms marked from A to D, in which numerous deaths (farm A) and decreased body weight gain (farms B and C) were observed. In experimental farm D we observed a group of snails subjected to stress and a control group maintained in correct conditions. High concentrations of urea were found in the hemolymph of all farm animals from farms A, B and C, as well as in those subjected to food deprivation in farm D (on average from 96 mg/dl in farm D to 320 mg/dl in farm A). On the other hand, in controls from group D, the concentration of the parameter in question was much lower (< 2.0 mg/dl). The results obtained indicate that the urea concentration is a non-specific marker of pathological conditions in snails, and that the continuous monitoring of this parameter makes it possible to demonstrate irregularities in farming and introduce appro- priate and early measures to eliminate such disturbances.},
 type={Article},
 title={The concentration of urea in hemolymph as a marker of health in Lissachatina fulica and Cornu aspersum edible snails – a preliminary study},
 URL={http://ochroma.man.poznan.pl/Content/110894/PDF/09.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/pjvs.2019.127094},
 keywords={Lissachatina fulica, Cornu aspersum, hemolymph, urea, markers},
}