@ARTICLE{Trzmiel_Katarzyna_Occurrence_2020,
 author={Trzmiel, Katarzyna},
 volume={vol. 60},
 number={No 4},
 journal={Journal of Plant Protection Research},
 pages={345-350},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2020},
 publisher={Committee of Plant Protection PAS},
 publisher={Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute},
 abstract={In the spring of 2019, many plants, mainly winter wheat, were observed to have dwarfism and leaf yellowing symptoms. These plants from several regions of Poland were collected and sent to the Plant Disease Clinic of the Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute in Poznań to test for the presence of viral diseases. Double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) results showed numerous cases of Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) and a few cases of plant infections caused by Barley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDVs). WDV was detected in 163 out of 236 tested winter wheat plants (69.1%), in 10 out of 27 tested winter barley plants (37%) and in 6 out of 7 triticale plants (85.7%) while BYDVs were found, respectively, in 9.7% (23 out of 236) and in 18.5% (5 out of 27) of tested winter forms of wheat and barley plants. Infected plants came mainly from the regions of Lower Silesia and Greater Poland. Furthermore, individual cases of infections were also confirmed in the following districts: Lubusz, Opole, Silesia, Kuyavia-Pomerania and Warmia-Masuria. Results of Duplex-immunocapture-polymerase chain reaction (Duplex-IC-PCR) indicated the dominance of WDV-W form in wheat and WDV-B form in barley plants. Moreover, results of reverse transcription – polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) connected with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, performed for 17 BYDVs samples, revealed 8 BYDV-PAS, 4 BYDV-MAV and 2 BYDVPAV as well as the presence of two mixed infections of BYDV-MAV/-PAS and one case of BYDV-MAV/-PAV. Next, RT-PCR reactions confirmed single BYDV-GAV infection and the common presence of BYDV-SGV. To the best of our knowledge, in 2020 the viruses were not a big threat to cereal crops in Poland.},
 type={Article},
 title={Occurrence of Wheat dwarf virus and Barley yellow dwarf virus species in Poland in the spring of 2019},
 URL={http://ochroma.man.poznan.pl/Content/117056/PDF/OA_01_JPPR_60_4_825_Trzmiel.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/jppr.2020.133959},
 keywords={Barley yellow dwarf virus, double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), Duplex-immunocapture-polymerase chain reaction (Duplex-IC-PCR) reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction connected with restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses (RT-PCR-RFLP), Wheat dwarf virus},
}