@ARTICLE{Ibrahim_Mohamed_M._Assessment_2021,
 author={Ibrahim, Mohamed M. and Diwedar, Al Sayed Ibrahim and Ibraheem, Ahmed Mahmoud},
 number={No 50},
 pages={122-129},
 journal={Journal of Water and Land Development},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2021},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute},
 abstract={Because of hydraulic jump, the scour downstream a stepped spillway is the most confusing issue that endangers the overall stability of the spillway. In this paper, thirty-six exploratory runs are described to explore the impact of utilizing submerged water jets fixed in the stilling basin of a stepped spillway on the downstream scour measurements under various flow conditions. A smooth apron where the water jets are disabled is incorporated to characterize the impact of adjustments studied. Trials are performed utilizing different upstream discharges, jets arrangements, and tailwater depths. The results are analyzed and graphically presented. The experimental data are contrasted to a scour formulae developed by other specialists. Outcomes indicated that by utilizing submerged floor water jets, the maximum scour depth is decreased between 14.3 and 36.0%. Additionally, the maximum scour length is reduced by 9.7 to 42.3%. Finally, involving regression analysis, simple formulas are developed to estimate different scour parameters.},
 type={Article},
 title={Assessment of submerged floor water jets to minimize the scour downstream from a stepped spillway},
 URL={http://ochroma.man.poznan.pl/Content/121306/PDF-MASTER/2021-03-JLWD-13-Ibrahim.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/jwld.2021.138167},
 keywords={floor jets, flume, jet rows, stepped spillway, scour depth, scour length},
}