@ARTICLE{Bhandary_Radhika_Efficiency_2025,
 author={Bhandary, Radhika and Unnikrishnan, Anish and Mulky, Lavanya},
 volume={51},
 number={2},
 pages={101-109},
 journal={Archives of Environmental Protection},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2025},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences},
 abstract={Treatment of wastewater from various day-to-day sources, particularly oil spills in water bodies, involves using resources that may adversely affect the environment. This study ex-plores the potential of using human hair as a bio-adsorbent to remove BOD (Biochemical Ox-ygen Demand) and oil and grease from wastewater. The analysis of the percentage reduction in BOD and oil and grease using human hair was conducted through Response Surface Meth-odology (RSM) using the Central Composite Design method in Design Expert Software. Two variable parameters were chosen for the experiment: the thickness of the adsorbent (A) and the volume of the input sample (B). Adsorption experiments were carried out in a tray setup across 13 different combinations of these parameters. Human hair, the bio-adsorbent under consideration, proved effective in significantly reducing the BOD of wastewater samples and adsorbing oil and grease. In addition to the two parameters studied, other factors such as pH and contact time could also be considered to estimate the optimal adsorption conditions. The maximum percentage removal achieved in this set of experiments was identified by analyzing the interactive effects of the parameters on BOD reduction. Using human hair for oil adsorp-tion can also result in a significant decrease in BOD, which may be beneficial for further treatment processes.},
 title={Efficiency of hair waste substrate in constructed wetlands on oil and grease content of kitchen wastewater},
 URL={http://ochroma.man.poznan.pl/Content/135307/PDF/Archives%20vol%2051no2pp_101_109.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/aep.2025.154761},
 keywords={human hair, BOD, Bio adsorption, oil and grease removal, wastewater treatment},
}