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ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Popular sciences

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Description

The „Academia” magazine was founded on the initiative of Professor Andrzej B. Legocki, a President of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 2003 – 2006. In the beginning it was published only in English as a reply to the growing demand for a current information on the Polish Academy of Sciences` activities, expressed by foreign scientists and Poles living abroad and interested in Polish science.

Since 2005 the magazine is published both in Polish and English.

The „Academia” is an exceptional - on the Polish market - scientific magazine for the general public, propagating achievements of Polish scientists here and abroad. Authors of articles in „Academia” explain their subject in a way that is accessible not only for all sorts of academics but also for students, pupils and all other readers interested in scientific topics for the general public.

ISSN

1731-7401

Publishers

Polish Academy of Sciences

Editorial Staff

Jolanta Iwańczuk (Editor-in-Chief, Earth Sciences)

Daniel Sax (Editor, English-Language Version)

Marcin Pietras (Biological & Agricultural Sciences)

Justyna Orłowska (Journalist)

Andrzej Figatowski (Graphic Designer)

Anna Bielec (Project Coordinator)

Scientific Council

Marek Konarzewski, President of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Chairman)

Dariusz Jemielniak (Deputy Chairman)

Andrzej Buko

Katarzyna Czarnecka

Patrycja Dołowy

Paweł Golik

Janusz Jurczak

Tomasz Kapitaniak

Marek Krawczyk

Krzysztof Nowak

Anna Zawadzka

Publisher:

Polish Academy of Sciences

Communication and Science Information Department

Defilad sq. 1,

00-901 Warsaw, Poland

e-mail: academia@pan.pl

The journal content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)
ttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Volumes

Select number

2024
2023
2022
2021
- No 4 (72) Chronicles of a Pandemic 2020–2021
- No 3 (71) Art & Science
- No 2 (70) Boundaries
- No 1 (69) Energy Transtion
2020
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2017
2016
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2014
2013
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2004

Content

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion

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2 From the Editors

Jerzy Duszyński , Antoni Rogalski , Roman Słowiński , Henryk Szymczak

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion

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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Duszyński

Antoni Rogalski

e-mail:

ORCID:

Roman Słowiński

Henryk Szymczak

3 On the Brink of Disaster

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 4-7 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138402

Keywords: transforming the energy sector climate catastrophe greenhouse gas emissions zero-emission energy energy storage

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Abstract

Transforming the energy sector is necessary but not sufficient to prevent a climate catastrophe.

Authors and Affiliations

Jan Kozłowski

1

Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland

4 Whither the Energy Transition?

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 8-11 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138403

Keywords: energy transition renewable energy sources fossil fuels green hydrogen

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Abstract

Humanity is being forced to alter how we use energy sources, to move away from fossil fuels and focus instead on renewable, especially solar energy. This transformation may prove to be the long sought-after “holy grail” of energy.

Authors and Affiliations

Jan Kiciński

1

PAS Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery in Gdańsk, Poland

5 End of the (Miners’) World?

Łukasz Trembaczowski

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 12-16 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138404

Keywords: just transition Silesia mining community

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Abstract

The social consequences of coal mine closures in Silesia.

Authors and Affiliations

Łukasz Trembaczowski

1

Institute of Sociology, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

6 A Change in Economic Thinking

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 17-19 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138405

Keywords: ecological economics climate catastrophe energy transition

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Abstract

On ecological economics and its diagnosis of environmental and social challenges and threats.

Authors and Affiliations

Ewa Bińczyk

7 Opportunities for Coal Mining Regions

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 20-23 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138406

Keywords: just transition energy transition technological progress climate neutrality

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Abstract

The concept of a socially “just transition” should not only guide the redevelopment of coal mining regions, opening up the way to technological progress. It is also a chance for the rest of Poland to improve the quality of life and attain carbon neutrality.

Authors and Affiliations

Adam Drobniak

1

Faculty of Strategic and Regional Studies at the University of Economics in Katowice, Poland

8 The Earth’s Climate System as a Resource

Mirosław Miętus

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 24-27 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138407

Keywords: sunlight greenhouse effect climate change global warming

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Abstract

The climate as we know it is a natural resource that is becoming depleted due to the rising demand for energy. The most emission-intensive sectors are those providing for our comfort and welfare. We discuss these issues with Prof. Mirosław Miętus from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management.

Authors and Affiliations

Mirosław Miętus

1

Instituteof Meteorology and Water Management– National Research Institute (IMiGW-PIB), Warsaw, Poland

9 Energy Mix: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 28-33

Keywords: energy mix energy transformation electric power energy storage stability of the power grid

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Abstract

A country’s “energy mix” typically evokes varying opinions among different groups within society. It also changes over time, at a pace that most energy consumers fail to appreciate. It is shifting even in Poland – certainly not a leader in the energy transition.

Authors and Affiliations

Jan Kozłowski

1

Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland

10 Energy Storage – Crucial for Balance

Krzysztof Rafał , Paweł Grabowski

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 34-41 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138409

Keywords: electricity storage batteries energy storage

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Abstract

Energy storage, as a flexible resource that comprehensively supports network operation, will grow increasingly indispensable as the share of renewables increases.

Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Rafał

Paweł Grabowski

11 Hope for a Better Tomorrow

Anna Sowiżdżał

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 42-45 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138410

Keywords: geothermal energy renewable energy sources The EnerGizerS Project

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Abstract

Geothermal energy is renewable and clean. Moreover, new geothermal technology offers the added environmental benefit of geological storage of CO2.

Authors and Affiliations

Anna Sowiżdżał

1

AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków, Poland

12 Building Bridges to the Future

Anna-Katharina Hornidge

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 46-49

Keywords: climate crisis climate change circular economy

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Abstract

Prof. Anna-Katharina Hornidge of the German Development Institute (DIE) draws on a systems-theory perspective to show how politicians, voters, companies and countries can be addressed to take climate change and environmental challenges of the future seriously.

Authors and Affiliations

Anna-Katharina Hornidge

13 Energy Transition Is Necessary and Possible

Bolesław Zaporowski

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 50-55 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138412

Keywords: energy transition climate neutrality renewable energy sources energy market energy mix nuclear energy energetic safety

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Abstract

Is climate neutrality an attainable goal for Poland? What does the term mean, and what challenges does it pose to human civilization? These and other questions are addressed by Prof. Bolesław Zaporowski of the Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Poznań University of Technology.

Authors and Affiliations

Bolesław Zaporowski

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Poznan, Poalnd

14 Wind Farming in the Baltic

Paweł Flaszyński , Karol Mitraszewski , Joanna Markowska Cerić

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion

Keywords: wind energy wind farms Baltic wind turbines

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Abstract

On power generation and the future of Polish offshore wind farms.

Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Flaszyński

1

Karol Mitraszewski

2

Joanna Markowska Cerić

2

PAS Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Gdańsk, Poland
PGE Baltica sp. z o.o., Warsaw, Poland

15 Woody Biomass for Energy Production

Rafał Chudy , Kacper Szulecki , Jacek Siry , Robert Grala

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 62-65 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138414

Keywords: woody biomass bioenergy decarbonization energetic safety climate safety

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Abstract

Is the burning of woody biomass climate friendly?

Authors and Affiliations

Rafał Chudy

1

Kacper Szulecki

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Jacek Siry

3

Robert Grala

FOROS/FBA/Forest Monitor, Norway
Department of Political Science, University of Oslo, Center for Energy Research, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs
Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, United States

Janusz Lewandowski

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 66-71 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138415

Keywords: natural gas coal hydrogen European Green Deal renewable energy sources gas turbine

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Abstract

A transition fuel on the path from coal to hydrogen.

Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Lewandowski

1

Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

17 Harnessing Hydrogen

Tadeusz Chmielniak

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 72-78

Keywords: hydrogen climate policy natural gas dioxide emissions

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Abstract

Is hydrogen the answer, and if so, which technologies? Here we present an overview of “everything you need to know” about this promising new global energy source.

Authors and Affiliations

Tadeusz Chmielniak

1

Faculty of Environmental and Power Engineering, Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice, Poland

18 Nuclear Power: Myths vs. Realities

Ludwik Pieńkowski

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 79-83 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138417

Keywords: nuclear power nuclear reactor nuclear fuel

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Abstract

Nuclear power was one of the factors underpinning the post-war success of the Euro-Atlantic region. The world is now in great need of a similar step forward

Authors and Affiliations

Ludwik Pieńkowski

1

Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków, Poland

19 Renewable Energy Sources as Part of a Green Deal

Władysław Mielczarski

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 84-87 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138418

Keywords: renewable energy sources prosumer programs New Green Deal

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Abstract

Renewable energy aims at reducing greenhouse emissions, supplying the growing demand for electricity, and diminishing consumption of fossil fuels – these are the basic elements of the New Green Deal, heading towards carbon neutrality. However, renewables have negative impacts on the electricity network’s operation, leading to reduced power system stability.

Authors and Affiliations

Władysław Mielczarski

1

Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Łódź University of Technology, Poland

20 Nuclear Energy as a Crucial Element

Andrzej Strupczewski

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 88-97 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138419

Keywords: nuclear energy greenhouse effect atmospheric pollution power plants energy transformation

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Abstract

In view of the need to transform the Polish energy sector from a coal-based to a low-emissions industry, can wind and solar power alone provide enough of an alternative?

Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Strupczewski

1

National Centre for Nuclear Research in Świerk, Poland

21 What Powere the Dinosaurs?

Maria Barbacka , Grzegorz Pacyna , Jadwiga Ziaja , Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 98-102

Keywords: dinosaurs Jurassic period coprolites paleontology

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Abstract

Where did early dinosaurs get their energy from? Studying fossilized feces reveals certain secrets of herbivore evolution during the Jurassic period.

Authors and Affiliations

Maria Barbacka

1 2

Grzegorz Pacyna

3

Jadwiga Ziaja

1

Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki

4

PAS Władysław Szafer Institute of Botany in Kraków, Poland
Botanical Department at the Hungarian Natural History Museum in Budapest, Hungary
Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland
Evolutionary Biology Centre in Uppsala, Sweden

22 Seeds Sounding the Energy Alarm

Joanna Kijowska-Oberc , Ewelina Ratajczak , Hanna Fuchs , Aleksandra Maria Staszak

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 103-107 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138421

Keywords: mitochondrion aging of the seeds dendrology

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Abstract

What do biological powerhouses look like? How do they work? Why does generating a single “dose of energy” demand a highly complicated process? Why do seeds age? Answers to all these questions are to be found in one of the most complex cellular organelles: the mitochondrion.

Authors and Affiliations

Joanna Kijowska-Oberc

1

Ewelina Ratajczak

1

Hanna Fuchs

1

Aleksandra Maria Staszak

2

Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kórnik, Poland
Department of Biology and Plant Ecology, University of Bialystok, Poland

23 Symbolic Power of the Windmill

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 108-111 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138422

Keywords: windmill Dutch art Jacob van Ruisdael Windmill of Wijk bin Duurstede

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Abstract

Digging deeper into the history and symbolism of Dutch art.

Authors and Affiliations

Anna Cirocka

1

Institute of Art History, University of Gdańsk, Poland

24 Opinion of the Committee on Electrical Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences on the implementation of nuclear power in Poland, adopted by resolution on 25 November 2020 at the plenary meeting of the PAS Committee on Electrical Engineering

Committee on Electrical Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 112-122

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Authors and Affiliations

Committee on Electrical Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences

25 Ενέργεια: From the Potential to the Actual

Katarzyna Kasia

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 124-125 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138423

Keywords: energy philosophy

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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Kasia

26 Promoting the Development of Wind Energy

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 1 (69) Energy Transtion | 126-129 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.138424

Keywords: Polish Wind Energy Association PWEA

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Abstract

The Polish Wind Energy Association (PWEA) is Poland’s largest organization promoting alternative energy sources, mainly onshore and offshore wind power. It is actively involved in consultations on strategic documents and acts of legislation related to the market of renewable energy sources, alternative fuels, and the energy transition. By working together with decision-makers at the EU, national, and local government levels, it aligns various interests to promote Poland’s sustainable development. It organizes events bringing together representatives of the sector and decision-makers, including the annual PWEA Conference – the largest such event in Central and Eastern Europe ( http://konferencjapsew.pl/en/) devoted to prospects for the development of onshore and offshore wind energy in Poland. The Association initiated the establishment of the RE-Source Poland Hub Foundation ( http://resourcepoland.pl/en/), which shows businesses how they can become part of the trend towards the green transition and sustainable development. It promotes pro-environmental attitudes and knowledge of the environmental, economic, and social benefits of wind energy in the media, on social media (such as https://www.facebook.com/psew.pwea and https://twitter.com/PSEW_PWEA), and during the “Summer with the Wind” family summer picnics (Lato z wiatrem) held at the Baltic Sea.

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