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ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Opis

The „Academia” magazine was founded on the initiative of Professor Andrzej B. Legocki, a President of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 2003 – 2006. In the beginning it was published only in English as a reply to the growing demand for a current information on the Polish Academy of Sciences` activities, expressed by foreign scientists and Poles living abroad and interested in Polish science.

Since 2005 the magazine is published both in Polish and English.

The „Academia” is an exceptional - on the Polish market - scientific magazine for the general public, propagating achievements of Polish scientists here and abroad. Authors of articles in „Academia” explain their subject in a way that is accessible not only for all sorts of academics but also for students, pupils and all other readers interested in scientific topics for the general public.

ISSN
1731-7401
Wydawcy
Polish Academy of Sciences

Editorial Staff

Jolanta Iwańczuk (Editor-in-Chief, Earth Sciences)

Daniel Sax (Editor, English-Language Version)

Marcin Pietras (Biological & Agricultural Sciences)

Justyna Orłowska (Journalist)

Andrzej Figatowski (Graphic Designer)

Anna Bielec (Project Coordinator)


Scientific Council

Marek Konarzewski, President of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Chairman)

Dariusz Jemielniak (Deputy Chairman)

Andrzej Buko

Katarzyna Czarnecka

Patrycja Dołowy

Paweł Golik

Janusz Jurczak

Tomasz Kapitaniak

Marek Krawczyk

Krzysztof Nowak

Anna Zawadzka

Publisher:


Polish Academy of Sciences

Communication and Science Information Department

Defilad sq. 1,

00-901 Warsaw, Poland

e-mail: academia@pan.pl



The journal content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)
ttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.



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Zawartość

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution

1 Contents
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution
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2 Editorial
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution
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3 Genes Gone Wild
Weronika B. Żukowska
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 4-8 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147014
Słowa kluczowe: genetics GMOs climate change
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Abstrakt

In the era of a global climate crisis, genetic pollution opens up new opportunities, but also carries the risk of a global catastrophe.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Weronika B. Żukowska
1
  1. Department of Geneticsand Environmental InteractionsInstitute of Dendrology PAS in Kórnik
4 Invisible to the Eye
Wojciech Wołkowicz
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 9-11 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147015
Słowa kluczowe: geochemistry environmental protection chemical pollution
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Abstrakt

Post-industrial areas are economically attractive – property developers are often eager to build stylish lofts there. Unfortunately, however, contamination often persists in the soil of such “brownfield” sites for decades.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Wojciech Wołkowicz
1
  1. Polish Geological Institute– National Research Institute (PGI-NRI)in Warsaw
5 Dangerous Space Debris
Mariusz Słonina
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 12-15 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147016
Słowa kluczowe: astronomy satelites Earth orbit
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Abstrakt

When we gaze at the clear blue sky, we do not realize the staggering amount of trash that is out there, orbiting the Earth.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Mariusz Słonina
1
  1. Sybilla Technologies in Bydgoszcz
6 Linguistic Purism
Mirosław Bańko
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 16-17 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147017
Słowa kluczowe: linguistics linguistic purism Polish
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Abstrakt

How can contaminations enrich a language? What determines how people react to them?
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Mirosław Bańko
1
  1. University of Warsaw
7 Light and Noise Pollution
Marek Kucharczyk , Marcin Polak
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 18-21 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147018
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Abstrakt

Many studies show that environmental noise is harmful to humans and animals. Also, excess artificial light has a destructive effect on ecosystems.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Marek Kucharczyk
1
Marcin Polak
1
  1. Institute of Biology Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin
8 The Importance of Clean Air
Lidia Morawska
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 22-24 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147019
Słowa kluczowe: physics aerosols air pollution
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Abstrakt

Sometimes just a single spark of curiosity can be the beginning of a successful scientific career, says Prof. Lidia Morawska, Professor at the Queensland University of Technology and Director of the International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health (ILAQH).
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Lidia Morawska
1 2
  1. Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Queensland, Australia
  2. International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health– ILAQH
9 “Contamination” in the Scriptures
Łukasz Niesiołowski-Spanò
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 25-27 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147020
Słowa kluczowe: Bible Old Testament history
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Abstrakt

The Bible is an example of long-term textual transmission in which “contaminations” result, in part, from the unique role of the text itself.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Łukasz Niesiołowski-Spanò
1
  1. University of Warsaw
10 Bacterial “Cities of Slime”
Mateusz Gemba
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 28-30 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147021
Słowa kluczowe: bacteria food microbiology
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Abstrakt

Foodborne diseases pose a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Bacteria that form biofilms are especially difficult to combat and require careful countermeasures.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Mateusz Gemba
1
  1. College of Engineering and Health in Warsaw
11 A Problem in Genetic Counseling
Janusz G. Zimowski
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 31-33 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147022
Słowa kluczowe: genetic diseases muscular dystrophy genetic mutations
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Abstrakt

Our individual genome is considered to be immutable, but mutations sometimes appear. Identifying them can be a complex challenge.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Janusz G. Zimowski
1
  1. Department of Genetics and Genomics,National Medical Institute of the Ministry of theInterior and Administration in Warsaw, Poland
12 History Inscribed in Bones
Anna Juras , Maciej Chyleński
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 34-37 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147023
Słowa kluczowe: genetics ancient DNA archeology
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Abstrakt

Obtaining genetic material from ancient human remains is challenging mainly due to the risk of sample contamination.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Anna Juras
1
Maciej Chyleński
1
  1. Institute of Human Biology and Evolution Department of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
13 Greater Responsibility in Lieu of “Fast Fashion”
Magdalena Płonka
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 38-41 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147024
Słowa kluczowe: sociology environmental pollution
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Abstrakt

Too much liberty to produce and consume will lead the human race to ruin; the clothing industry is unfortunately increasingly contributing to this – says Magdalena Płonka from the University of Economics and Human Sciences (AEH) in Warsaw.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Magdalena Płonka
1
  1. University of Economics and Human Sciences (AEH) in Warsaw
14 The Baltic Sea: Joint Action Is Key
Blanka Pajda , Agata Zaborska
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 42-45 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147025
Słowa kluczowe: heavy metals eutrophication Baltic Sea
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Abstrakt

Joint action by the countries surrounding the Baltic is crucial for the conservation of the sea’s unique ecosystem.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Blanka Pajda
1
Agata Zaborska
1
  1. PAS Institute of Oceanology in Sopot
15 Does One Straw Really Matter?
Wojciech Pol , Karolina Mierzyńska
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 46-48 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147026
Słowa kluczowe: microplastics water ecology lake pollution
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Abstrakt

Plastic is present everywhere. What happens to it and what impact does it have on the world around us?
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Wojciech Pol
1
Karolina Mierzyńska
1
  1. Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok
16 Traces of Medieval Mining and Smelting
Dariusz Rozmus
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 49-53 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147027
Słowa kluczowe: archeology Industrial Revolution mining
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Abstrakt

Nothing says more about us than what we leave behind. That makes ancient refuse an inexhaustible source of information for archaeologists.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Dariusz Rozmus
1
  1. “Sztygarka” City Museum in Dąbrowa GórniczaInstitute of Law Studies, Humanitas Academyin Sosnowiec
17 The Artistic Value of Laboratory Artifacts
Karolina Żyniewicz
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 54-57 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147028
Słowa kluczowe: alternative art
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Abstrakt

Art and science employ different languages, but they both strive to get to know and understand the world.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Karolina Żyniewicz
1
  1. Artes Liberales Faculty, University of Warsaw
18 Lessons From the Oder Environmental Disaster
Łukasz Sługocki , Robert Czerniawski
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 58-61 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147029
Słowa kluczowe: ecology Oder River river pollution
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Abstrakt

In the summer of 2022, an environmental disaster unfolded on the Oder River. Though the disaster was caused by humans, it was the river’s natural ecosystem that paid the heaviest price.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Łukasz Sługocki
1
Robert Czerniawski
1
  1. University of Szczecin
19 Rescuing Books
Teresa Urszula Szmigielska
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 62-65 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147030
Słowa kluczowe: old books acidic paper
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Abstrakt

For decades, toxic substances have been employed to produce paper, a material that figures extensively in various aspects of our lives.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Teresa Urszula Szmigielska
1
  1. Library of the PAS Archives in Warsaw
20 The Dream of Purity
Katarzyna Kasia
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 66-67 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147031
Słowa kluczowe: philosophy experience contamination
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Abstrakt

What kind of contamination poses the greatest hindrance to our experience of the world? Do the most important cognitive faculties in epistemology – reason and the senses – truly cooperate with one another? What might be getting in the way, polluting and contaminating our image of the world, effectively keeping us unable to ever directly access the truth that we assume exists somewhere out there?
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Katarzyna Kasia
1
  1. Department of Culture Theory, Faculty of Management of Visual Culture, Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw
21 The Czajka Wastewater Treatment Plant
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 68-73 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147032
Słowa kluczowe: waste treatment Czajka Wastewater Treatment Plant water purification
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Abstrakt

Wastewater generated in the Warsaw metropolitan area is neutralized at one of the most modern treatment plants in Poland.
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22 (Im)mortal Photographs
Tomasz Kozielec
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 2 (78) Pollution | 74 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147033
Słowa kluczowe: photography
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Abstrakt

Air pollution adversely affects the state of preservation of old photographs.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Tomasz Kozielec
1
  1. Department of Conservationand Restoration of Paperand Leather at the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń

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