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ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Opis

The „Academia” magazine was founded on the initiative of Professor Andrzej B. Legocki, a President of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 2003 – 2006. In the beginning it was published only in English as a reply to the growing demand for a current information on the Polish Academy of Sciences` activities, expressed by foreign scientists and Poles living abroad and interested in Polish science.

Since 2005 the magazine is published both in Polish and English.

The „Academia” is an exceptional - on the Polish market - scientific magazine for the general public, propagating achievements of Polish scientists here and abroad. Authors of articles in „Academia” explain their subject in a way that is accessible not only for all sorts of academics but also for students, pupils and all other readers interested in scientific topics for the general public.

ISSN
1731-7401
Wydawcy
Polish Academy of Sciences

Editorial Staff

Jolanta Iwańczuk (Editor-in-Chief, Earth Sciences)

Daniel Sax (Editor, English-Language Version)

Marcin Pietras (Biological & Agricultural Sciences)

Justyna Orłowska (Journalist)

Andrzej Figatowski (Graphic Designer)

Anna Bielec (Project Coordinator)


Scientific Council

Marek Konarzewski, President of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Chairman)

Dariusz Jemielniak (Deputy Chairman)

Andrzej Buko

Katarzyna Czarnecka

Patrycja Dołowy

Paweł Golik

Janusz Jurczak

Tomasz Kapitaniak

Marek Krawczyk

Krzysztof Nowak

Anna Zawadzka

Publisher:


Polish Academy of Sciences

Communication and Science Information Department

Defilad sq. 1,

00-901 Warsaw, Poland

e-mail: academia@pan.pl



The journal content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)
ttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.



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Zawartość

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness

1 Contents
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness
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2 Editorial
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 3
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3 Cosmic Cleanup
Krzysztof Ziółkowski
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 4-7
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Abstrakt

What exactly is a planet? Back when mankind only knew five roaming celestial bodies visible to the naked eye, the answer was simple. But the recent discovery of more and more planets circling our own Sun as well as distant stars has made it necessary to reconsider the meaning of the term .
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Krzysztof Ziółkowski
4 Looking Down at the Rich?
Bogdan Wojciszke
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 8-11
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Abstrakt

Only a small minority of Poles surveyed believe that the prevailing social order is valid and fair. A clear majority believe that the wealthy must have come into their affluence via dishonest means, at the expense of those who are worse off.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Bogdan Wojciszke
ORCID: ORCID
5 Treasure of the North
Wiesław Krzemiński , Krystyna Nykiel
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 12-15
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Abstrakt

Over thousands of years, amber has been used for decoration and as a kind of currency, magical substance, and medical cure. Coveted to this very day, amber has now become more than just a pretty stone - it holds sensational secrets for biologists.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Wiesław Krzemiński
Krystyna Nykiel
6 In Search of Alien Life
Ewa Szuszkiewicz , Franco Ferrari
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 16-19
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Abstrakt

There can be no greater challenge for modem science than the discovery of how life began on Earth and whether suitable conditions for the existence and development of life may be found across the Universe.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Ewa Szuszkiewicz
Franco Ferrari
7 Unwanted Abundance
Krzysztof Warmuziński
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 20-23
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Abstrakt

One of the options for reducing the rate of CO2 release, in order to stabilize its concentration in the atmosphere at some level, is the capture of carbon dioxide and its subsequent storage in either geological formations or in the ocean.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Krzysztof Warmuziński
8 Faithful Copyists
Wojciech Kuban
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 24-27
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Abstrakt

DNA polymerase is a kind of protein that performs an important function in copying genetic material - a fundamental process in the life of the cell. The high accuracy achieved in replication is only made possible by a wide diversity of polymerase types.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Wojciech Kuban
9 Underground Treasures
Krzysztof Galos
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 28-31
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Abstrakt

After vast deposits of oil were discovered under the North Sea, Norway was transformed from a poor country into a very rich one nearly overnight: this demonstrates how individual countries' affluence is still frequently determined by what riches await discovery under their soil.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Krzysztof Galos
ORCID: ORCID
10 Forgery on the Nile
Barbara Lichocka
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 32-33
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Abstrakt

Ancient counterfeiters did not just copy coins of high denominations, made of gold and silver, but also forged "pennies;' i.e. low-value coins made of bronze, on a large scale. How were such imitations produced in late Roman Egypt, and did such forgers get away scot-free?
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Barbara Lichocka
11 Food as a Shield
Jacek Bardowski
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 34-35
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Abstrakt

Lactic acid bacteria, utilized by mankind for millennia, are now earning a new place for themselves in the modern world in view of their vast diversity. They are beginning to be valued not only for their probiotic properties, but also intensively studied for potential applications in biotechnology, medicine, and pharmacology.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Jacek Bardowski
12 Turning Silver into Gold
Piotr Jamski
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 36-37
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Abstrakt

Early 20th century Polish social movements took great pains to preserve Poland's cultural heritage during the times when the Polish lands were under foreign partition. One such organization, known as the Polish Society for Preserving Relics of the Past, gathered together an impressive collection of photographs of historical objects. To mark the 100th year anniversary of these outstanding efforts, the Polish Academy of Sciences has launched a project to digitize the collection.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Piotr Jamski
13 Nature's Property
Alicja Breymeyer
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 38-39
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Abstrakt

Like airplanes and money, boundaries are creations of man: they are not natural and have become one of the main obstacles to protecting priceless natural assets.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Alicja Breymeyer
14 Magic Rods
Renata Godlewska , Elżbieta Katarzyna Jagusztyn-Krynicka
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 40-41
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Abstrakt

Refined genetic modifications can turn menacing Salmonella cells into something precious for contemporary molecular biology: a new kind of vaccine that targets particular species of bacteria.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Renata Godlewska
Elżbieta Katarzyna Jagusztyn-Krynicka
15 Mankind Must Adapt
Zbigniew Kundzewicz
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 42-45
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Zbigniew Kundzewicz
16 Go with the Fluid Flow
Jarosław Mikielewicz
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 48-49
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Abstrakt

The Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery was established in 1956 to conduct research into the fundamentals of the performance, design, construction and development of machines and devices used for energy conversion in flows, to provide education and to implement new solutions in this area.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Jarosław Mikielewicz
17 Meanders of the Rospuda
Przemysław Chylarecki
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2006 | Nr 4 (12) 2006 Richness | 50
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Przemysław Chylarecki

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