Celestine is a rather common mineral in epigenetic native sulphur deposits and seems to be a very valuable
indicator of some of the geological processes forming these deposits. This paper presents the results of investigation
of fluid inclusions in celestine from the Tarnobrzeg native sulphur deposits (SE Poland). Several different
morphological types of celestine were selected from Machów open-pit mine. Study of the fluid inclusions has
been carried out using microscopic and microthermometic methods. The data show that two types of chloride
fluids were responsible for the formation of celestine and native sulphur and further transformation of the native
sulphur deposits. The first type of fluid, containing a relatively higher salt content and lower NaCl/CaCl2 ratio,
also points to the role of hydrocarbons during the formation of native sulphur deposits. The second type of fluid
contains a relatively lower amount of salt and a higher NaCl/CaCl2 proportion and reflects the subsequent evolution
of the chemistry of the fluids forming the deposits. The results of the study of fluid inclusions in celestine
are in good agreement with its stable isotope composition.
The asteroid fauna from the upper lower Campanian rocky coastline at Ivö Klack is described, and its palaeoecology is discussed in comparison with other Cretaceous and present-day shallow-marine assemblages. Twenty-six taxa are recorded, belonging predominantly to the Goniasteridae (11 species), with smaller representatives of the families Podosphaerasteridae (4 taxa), Astropectinidae (3 taxa), Forcipulatida (2 taxa), Pterasteridae, Korethrasteridae, Pseudarchasteridae, Pycinasteridae, Asterinidae, and Stauranderasteridae (all one species each). Five new genera are described (Scaniasterina, type species S. surlyki sp. nov.; Granulasterias, type species G. ivoensis sp. nov.; Rugametopaster, type species Metopaster rugissimus Gale, 1987a; Ivoaster, type species I. soerensenae sp. nov. and Vectisaster, type species V. enigmaticus sp. nov.). In addition, new species erected include Astropecten erectus sp. nov., Manfredaster graveseni sp. nov., Metopaster asgaardae sp. nov., Nymphaster macrogranularis sp. nov., N. minigranularis sp. nov., Pycinaster christenseni sp. nov. and Remaster cretaceus sp. nov. Metopaster tamarae Gale, 1987a, is transferred to the genus Weitschataster Neumann and Girod, 2018. The asteroid fauna shows marked similarities to a Cenomanian–Turonian assemblage from rocky shorelines in the Bohemian Basin, Czech Republic, but differs in important respects from present-day shallow-marine asteroid assemblages from around the world.
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