Applied sciences

Chemical and Process Engineering: New Frontiers

Content

Chemical and Process Engineering: New Frontiers | Accepted articles

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Abstract

Ecological painting materials are innovative products that are becoming more and more popular among producers and consumers. In the most common cases, scientists apply nanometals or their oxides, especially silver nanoparticles, which - thanks to their extraordinary properties - are widely used not only in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as well as in (bio)medicine but also as a supplement to improve the properties of protective coatings, as has been shown in this paper. In particular the paper treats the impact of silver nanoparticles content added to the water acrylic emulsions on their stability, expressed by Turbiscan Stability Index, and thermomechanical properties. It was concluded that the silver nanoparticles addition makes the dispersions more stable compared to those with no addition of silver nanoparticles. Furthermore, in the case of the coatings manufactured from the paint composition, the increase in the nanosilver particles content shifts the pour and softening points towards the higher temperature values. As a consequence, the layers become less flexible. The problem under consideration has relevant importance for the development of novel, environmentally friendly coatings applicable in various areas of life.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Zalewska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ireneusz Grubecki
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 3 Seminaryjna Street, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland
  2. Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Street, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
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Abstract

This study employs a simplified computational approach to investigate the hydrodynamic behavior within tubular reactors for Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP) fertilizer production. The main objective is to understand the impact of key parameters, including volumetric flow rates, fluid properties, reactor geometry, operating conditions, and distinct inlet configurations, on reactant distribution and mixing efficiency. Two primary cases were investigated: Case 1, where ammonia was injected coaxially with phosphoric acid introduced via a side inlet; and Case 2, where phosphoric acid was injected coaxially with ammonia entering through a side inlet. A significant effect of the reactant dosing location into the reactor was observed and was more effective in Case 2 with respect to the MAP formation reaction. High ammonia and acid velocities were obtained at the constriction (nozzle) in the reactor tube. The nozzle design caused a uniform discharge of the reactants to the further part of the reactor, where there was good mixing of the components, comparable to Cases 1 and 2.
These simulations provide a practical tool for engineers to adjust design parameters, optimize residence times, and ensure consistent product quality, facilitating both laboratory and industrial-scale applications. Future studies should incorporate chemical species transport and reaction kinetics to further enhance model accuracy and provide a more comprehensive understanding of the reaction process. Ultimately, this research offers valuable insights for informed decision-making in optimizing tubular reactor design and operation, leading to improved MAP production efficiency and product quality.
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Authors and Affiliations

Halina Murasiewicz
1
Barbara Zakrzewska
1

  1. West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Piastów 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
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Abstract

The work aimed to investigate the possibility of selective separation of Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions from chloride solution with variable chloride ion concentration (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 M) using polymer inclusion membranes. In the studies, polymer inclusion membranes were used, with cellulose triacetate as the matrix, o-nitrophenyl octyl ether as the plasticizer, and 1-decylimidazole as a metal ion carrier. The receiving phase was demineralized water. The results of the studies on the transport of metal ions through polymer inclusion membranes with 1-decylimidazole as an ion carrier indicate a strong influence of the chloride ion concentration in source phase on the transport rate, and their separation properties. The kinetic parameters such as the transport flux, the recovery factor, as well as the separation coefficients were determined for the experimental data. It was found that zinc(II) ions were the easiest to separate from the aqueous chloride solution. The recovery rates (%) of zinc ions, for chloride ion concentrations of 0.25 M, 0.5 M, and 1.0 M, were 71%, 88%, and 65%, respectively. The lowest recovery observed was for nickel(II) ions, which did not exceed 2%. In contrast, cadmium ions had removal recovery rates ranging from 5.5% to 6.5%, and for cobalt ions – from 2.5% to 14.5%, depending on chloride anion concentration in the source phase. The separation coefficient for zinc ions was the highest compared to the other ions. The results from studies on the transport of nickel(II), cobalt(II), cadmium(II), and zinc(II) ions through polymer inclusion membranes with 1-decylimidazole suggest that this process can be effectively used for the selective separation of Zn(II) ions from a multi-metal aqueous solution.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bernadeta Gajda
1
Mariusz B. Bogacki
2
Iwona Zawierucha
3
Cezary A. Kozłowski
3

  1. Czestochowa University of Technology, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Czestochowa, Poland
  2. Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan, Poland
  3. Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Institute of Chemistry, Czestochowa, Poland
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Abstract

The article presents the microstructure observations and selected mechanical properties of composites with Fe or Distaloy matrix and the addition of the SiC reinforcing phase. Composites with the content of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5% SiC were prepared. The samples were prepared at the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) device applying a sintering temperature of 950 °C and 1000 °C. Depending on the SiC content, composites with a density of 93–98% of pure iron were obtained. The results showed differences in the microstructure of composites reinforced with SiC particles in the form of complex phases appearing. The effect of the amount of SiC addition on the hardness of the materials studied was also analysed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Perek-Nowak
1
Teresa Bajor
2
ORCID: ORCID
Monika Górska
2
ORCID: ORCID
Kinga Ostafińska
1

  1. Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Krakow, 30 Mickiewicza Ave, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
  2. Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 19, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
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Abstract

This review provides a comprehensive overview of current fabrication techniques for inorganic sulfide structures, with particular emphasis on their synthesis, structural control, and application potential. Inorganic sulfides, especially transition metal sulfides, exhibit unique electronic, optical, and catalytic properties, rendering them highly attractive for applications in semiconductors, optoelectronics, and energy conversion. Various synthesis methods are discussed, including chemical vapor deposition, atomic layer deposition, hydrothermal processing, spray pyrolysis, electrodeposition, and physical vapor deposition. Their operational principles, advantages, limitations, and impacts on material properties are systematically analyzed. A comparative discussion highlights how synthesis conditions influence morphology, crystallinity, and functional performance. Furthermore, the review surveys the application landscape of sulfide nanostructures, focusing on photovoltaics, sensors, catalysis, and energy storage systems. It is concluded that although several fabrication methods have reached industrial relevance, challenges related to scalability, environmental sustainability, and process reproducibility remain. Emerging strategies, such as the integration of machine learning and green chemistry principles, offer promising avenues for optimizing sulfide material synthesis. This work thus serves as a valuable resource for materials scientists and engineers seeking to advance the design and production of next-generation sulfide-based technologies.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ariel Pawłowski
1 2 3
ORCID: ORCID
Łukasz Klapiszewski
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
  2. Lumag Sp. z o.o., Rogozińska 72, 64-840 Budzyń, Poland
  3. Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Institute of ChemicalTechnology and Engineering, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
  4. Poznan University of Technology, Interdisciplinary Centre for Ecotechnology, Piotrowo 2, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
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Abstract

Laboratory testing plays a key role in ensuring the quality of the rubber production process. Quality has a direct impact on the efficiency and innovation of industrial enterprises. Control of the chemical structure of rubber at individual stages of production, carried out using advanced analytical methods such as FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography), enables the detection of any non-compliance. FTIR enables an early assessment of structural changes in the material, which is the foundation for further research. DSC is used to study the stability of polymers. Its main purpose is to analyse changes in the mechanical, physical and physicochemical properties of polymers with a controlled increase or decrease in temperature. The technological process of rubber production also depends on the molecular weight of the sample at a given stage of the process. The analysis was performed using the GPC method. By using the selected testing techniques, the rubber production process can be corrected promptly, minimising waste and improving the quality of the final product. Regular testing, including the identification of moisture content, eliminates problems that can prevent precise measurements and the ultimate functionality of the rubber. Based on the results of the tests, changes were made to the rubber production technology, introducing an additional drying stage which enabled not only the elimination of the observed problems but also the optimisation of the process and improvement of the quality of the final product. Such measures make it possible not only to enhance productivity but also to meet the growing demands of customers and remain competitive in a dynamic market.
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Authors and Affiliations

Monika Górska
ORCID: ORCID
Renata Caban
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Armii Krajowej 19, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland

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All manuscripts submitted for publication in Chemical and Process Engineering: New Frontiers must comprise a description of original research that has neither been published nor submitted for publication elsewhere.

The content, aim and scope of the proposals have to comply with the main topics of the journal, i.e. discuss at least one of the four main areas, namely:
• New Advanced (Nano) Materials
• Environment & Water Processing (including circular economy)
• Biochemical & Biomedical Engineering (including pharmaceuticals)
• Climate & Energy (including energy conversion & storage, electrification, decarbonization)

Chemical and Process Engineering: New Frontiers publishes: i) experimental and theoretical research papers, ii) short communications, iii) critical reviews, and iv) perspective articles. Each publication form is peer-reviewed by at least two independent referees.

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Example: The process is caused by changes of nitrogen concentration.
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The method of quoting literature source in the manuscript depends on the number of its authors:
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In the case of citing more sources in one bracket, they should be listed in alphabetical order using semicolon for separation, e.g. (Bird et al., 1960; Charpentier and McKenna, 2004; Marquardt, 1996). Should more citations of the same author(s) and year appear in the manuscript then letters “a, b, c, ...” should be successively applied after the publication year.

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Articles
Charpentier J. C., McKenna T. F., 2004. Managing complex systems: some trends for the future of chemical and process engineering. Chem. Eng. Sci., 59, 1617-1640. DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2004.01.044.
Information from books (we suggest adding the page numbers where the quoted information can be found)
Bird R. B., Stewart W.E., Lightfood E.N., 2002. Transport Phenomena. 2nd edition, Wiley, New York, 415-421.
Chapters in books
Hanjalić K., Jakirlić S., 2002. Second-moment turbulence closure modelling, In: Launder B.E., Sandham N.D. (Eds.), Closure strategies for turbulent and transitional flows. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 47-101.
Conferences
ten Cate A., Bermingham S.K., Derksen J.J., Kramer H.M.J., 2000. Compartmental modeling of an 1100L DTB crystallizer based on Large Eddy flow simulation. 10th European Conference on Mixing. Delft, the Netherlands, 2-5 July 2000, 255-264.



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Peer-review Procedure

Peer-review procedure
The journal employs a Single-Blind Peer Review Process, where the reviewers are aware of the authors' identities, but the authors remain unaware of who the reviewers are. This approach ensures an impartial evaluation of the manuscript while maintaining the reviewers' confidentiality.

The entire review process is conducted within the Editorial System. Additionally, the journal engages external experts for the review process to ensure high-quality assessments.

Authors are kindly requested to include a list of 4 potential reviewers for their manuscript, providing complete contact information. The suggested reviewers should not reside in the same country as the corresponding author and remain subject to the Editors' discretion when assigning manuscripts for review.

The entire review process is conducted within the Editorial System.

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