Management and Production Engineering Review

The specificity of tool provisioning is conditioned using tooling, the quantity of which

exceeds the nomenclature of the manufactured goods considerably. Therefore, for modern

enterprises, first-priority issues are harmonizing the processes of tool provisioning systems,

increasing the level of the reaction of this system to changes, obtaining operational control

over the production system, and, thus, improving the efficiency of the production process.

In this paper, a mathematical model of decision-making based on determining the optimal

strategy for the process flow was proposed to improve the efficiency of the information

system for quality management of tool provisioning. It is suggested to use the sustainable

development factor of information system for quality management of tool provisioning to

make decisions about the path of the tooling process, which considers the requirements of

international standards for management systems (ISO 9001, ISO 45001, etc.). This model

is based on the application of graph optimization theory, fuzzy logic, and Markov chains.

The use of this model is universal and will increase the validity of operational management

decisions, increase productivity, reduce resource dependency, and, therefore, reduce the

costs of tool provisioning, which directly affects the cost of production and competitiveness

of the enterprise as a whole.

World Class Manufacturing system consists of ten technical and ten managerial pillars.

These, impacting directly and indirectly on each other, generate the flow of internal processes. Two of the mentioned pillars, Early Product Management (EPM) and Cost Deployment

(CD) play a special role in the system, because they create a future strategic management

of a company influencing design engineering, manufacturing and economy [1, 2]. Referring

to the author’s previous publications on Early Product Management methodology [3, 4], the

role of Cost Deployment pillar in the new product launch remains an important issue. Additionally, there is a noticeable lack of publications in this specific field of the WCM system.

Therefore, a proper understanding of the relationship between these two technical pillars

is the basis for effective project management for the implementation of new products. In

this article, the correlation between EPM and CD will be highlighted whereas some critical

remarks will be indicated. The main part of the article will describe: the current approach to

project management according to the standards set by the WCM system and recommended

improvements originated from EPM and CD pillars. The quality scientific methods used in

this article are based on a case study of internal processes in an international plant specializing in agriculture machinery production and include elements of direct observation and

theoretical analysis and synthesis. This paper refers to the presented issues in practical terms

on the example of the methodology of managing of new launch product projects in terms of

cost management. The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the problem of the cost

factor generated during the design phase and early implementation of the new product into

production, which will enable effective cost management of new implementation projects.

The main purpose of the article is to try to substantiate the advisability of classification

of benefits according to the criterion of factors of the location of their production and to

develop a matrix for such a classification. Morphological analysis is used as the main study

method. The existence of four groups and a number of subgroups of benefits is established,

in the location of production of which one pair of factors dominates: from the “production

of benefits” side and from the “place” side. The basics of the classification of benefits are

developed, the location of production of which should take into account several pairs of

factors. The result is a matrix for performing the classification of benefits by factors of the

location of production, the filling of which will improve the quality and speed up decisionmaking on the choice of optimal places for the production of benefits. This study, in addition

to being important for the theory of benefits and the theory of the spatial organization of

the economy, has significant practical and social consequences, since it makes an important

step in improving the justification for the location of production of benefits.

High business competition demands business players to improve quality. The Six Sigma

with DMAIC phases is a strategy that has proven effective in improving product and service quality. This study aims to find the consistency of DMAIC phases implementation and

analyze the objective value in Six Sigma research. By using a number of trusted article

sources during 2005 until 2019, this research finds that 72% research in manufacturing industry consistently implemented DMAIC roadmap especially in case study research type

for problem-solving, while service industry pointed out the fewer number (60%). The causes

of variations and defective products in the manufacturing industry are largely caused by

a 4M 1E factor, while in service industry are caused by human behavior, and it’s system

poorness. Both manufacturing & service industry emphasized standardization & monitoring to control the process which aimed at enhancing process capability and organization

performance to increase customer satisfaction.

This article summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on identifying the enterprise’s state to evaluate its effectiveness and optimize the

target functions in solving enterprise development problems. The proposed scientific and

methodological approach to modeling the enterprise development management system under decentralization conditions and its practical implementation makes it possible to determine the dominant development parameters of manufacturing enterprises that influence

the United Territorial Community and to timely track the impulses and space of the United Territorial Community state, taking into account the PS state as parameters for its

development. The proposed analysis of the Production System state within the United

Territorial Community framework and evaluating its development dynamics shows the necessity of forming a system of generalized vector-scalar, situationally oriented indicators.

The aim of the herein paper is to present the processes of managing science and technology

parks by means of indicating their essence, types and domains of activities. Moreover, the

attributes of these parks were emphasized in the context of the innovative processes. Pilot

research was conducted which concentrated on the institutionalization and functionality of

the science and technology parks which facilitated the formulation of conclusions relating

to the cooperation between enterprises, science and technology parks and the sphere of

science in terms of innovativeness.

Make-To-Stock (MTS) and Make-To-Order (MTO) are the two traditional strategies in

production management. In the case of the MTS there is a growing demand for a new

approach, which is called Make-To-Availability (MTA) strategy. The paper characterizes and

compares the MTS and MTA strategies. The comparative analysis based, among others, on

computational experiments carried out in a computer program developed in Microsoft Visual

Studio 2017 Environment was presented. The models have been prepared for both strategies

with the same assumptions: external conditions (market demand) and internal conditions

(structure of the production process). The investigation of how the strategies respond to

various scenarios of demand intensity was done. The simulation models were prepared and

validated for the case of the production line in one of the industrial automation company.

The research shows that the use of the MTA strategy in the majority of cases gives much

better results than the use of the MTS strategy due to the minimization of storage costs and

the costs of non-fulfillment of the customers’ demand. The directions for further research

were also presented.

The article includes presentation of fuzzy numbers application in projects prioritizing at

manufacturing and service providing enterprises. The following criteria have been applied

as a basis for projects prioritizing analysis in enterprise: NPV index, linked with the enterprise strategic aims, project execution cost, project time, project scope and risk. As the

criteria selected were of measurable and non-measurable character in projects prioritizing

evaluation, the fuzzy decision making system has been developed, in which a linguistic value

has been defined for each criterion of projects prioritizing. Knowledge base has been developed afterwards, presenting cause-effect dependencies in projects prioritizing. Knowledge

base consisted of conditional rules. Fuzzy system of decision making in project prioritizing

has been developed in MATLAB application.

The decision making fuzzy system established, constitutes an efficient tool for projects prioritizing, on the basis of criteria given and concluding system developed. The obtained analysis

results provide basis for the decision making parties to set the projects execution sequences.

The industry transformation to the digital model 4.0 will be a significant change from

the perspective of the organisation and processes. In the context of the above, the research

was undertaken, the principal aim of which constituted the attempt to answer the question

concerning the technological advancement level of manufacturing companies operating in

the agricultural machinery sector. It is about identifying what adaptation projects in the

context of the fourth generation industry era should be undertaken by the Polish manufacturers operating in the agricultural machinery sector. The achievement of the main

objective required formulation and implementation of partial objectives, which, according

to the authors, include: C(1) – defining the Industry 4.0 axiom merit; C(2) – using the

subject literature reconstruction and interpretation methods – nomination of areas, on the

one hand essential from the perspective of the model 4.0, and on the other hand those that

may demonstrate the maturity in the domain of the adopted desiderata; C(3) – compilation

of the research model, in the form of an assessment sheet, being a resultant of literature

studies and research conducted among deliberately selected domain experts; C(4) – based

on the selected indicators, the technological advancement level recognition of the studied

companies; specification of a technological gap (questioning among experts).

This paper focuses on the analysis of selected risks as part of investments in the power

engineering at the initial (tender) stage of the life cycle in the context of the method of

project management by the Contractor. The study was carried out on the basis of an

analysis of over 500 tenders in the power engineering, from the last 5 years, taking into

account future forecast data. The analysis carried out in this article was aimed at achieving

specific and unique goals and results aimed at creating a useful product, which is the

Contractor’s offer in the power engineering, taking into account the most significant risks.

The result of this article is to support the project team in implementing risk management

in the project at the tender stage. For this purpose, the risks with their basic parameters

were defined, which allowed for the development of a risk matrix taking into account the

data obtained in the tender procedures of leading electric power distributors. Based on

the proposed risk quantification criteria, a list of remedial actions was prepared for all risk

types listed in this article. In addition, the aspects of possible elimination/reduction of the

impact of the most significant risks that occur at the analyzed stage of the investment life

cycle were developed.

The goal of this paper is to present the author’s thoughts on the possible contribution of

quality engineering to sustainable development. It is indicated that in the product life cycle

designers have the greatest potential to support this challenge. Arguments have been presented to abandon the commonly accepted paradigm, according to which the overriding goal

of the designer is to achieve the highest market value possible measured by the prospected

level of demand for the products designed. It is postulated to include the minimization of

the risks brought to the natural environment and social relations as a criterion of product

design quality. To this goal, it is necessary for designers to pursue both environmentally

friendly materials and technologies and design concepts reducing consumers’ pressure on

continuously increasing demand. Such an approach will allow for more effective control of

consumption, the main cause of the negative effects of economic growth.

The transition to circular economy requires diversifying material sources, improving secondary raw materials management, including recycling, and finally finding sustainable alternative materials. Both recycled and bio-based plastics are often regarded as promising

alternatives to conventional fossil-based plastics. Their broad application instead of fossilbased plastics is, however, frequently the subject of criticism because of offering limited

environmental benefits. The study presents a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) of

fossil-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET) versus its recycled and bio-based counterparts. The system boundary covers the plastics manufacturing and end-of-life plastic management stages (cradle-to-cradle/grave variant). Based on the data and assumptions set

out in the research, recycled PET (rPET) demonstrates the best environmental profile out

of the evaluated plastics in all impact categories. The study contributes to circular economy in plastics by providing transparent and consistent knowledge on their environmental

portfolio.

Sustainable development refers to the development of a business in such a way that future

generations will be able to satisfy the same needs. This article describes how sustainable

development can be measured by economic performance and a positive impact on the natural

environment. A general indicator of a company’s environmental impact is presented in the

article. It can be determined, on the one hand, by a company’s environmental impact, and on

the other hand, by savings in the use of natural resources, which is associated with savings

in a financial sense. Therefore, it can be used to analyze the progress of sustainability in

terms of environmental and economic performance. The case study provides an example of

how emissions and energy factors can be analyzed to form a synthetic indicator and create

a general indicator.

The rapid global economic development of the world economy depends on the availability of

substantial energy and resources, which is why in recent years a large share of non-renewable

energy resources has attracted interest in energy control. In addition, inappropriate use of

energy resources raises the serious problem of inadequate emissions of greenhouse effect gases,

with major impact on the environment and climate. On the other hand, it is important

to ensure efficient energy consumption in order to stimulate economic development and

preserve the environment. As scheduling conflicts in the different workshops are closely

associated with energy consumption. However, we find in the literature only a brief work

strictly focused on two directions of research: the scheduling with PM and the scheduling

with energy. Moreover, our objective is to combine both aspects and directions of in-depth

research in a single machine. In this context, this article addresses the problem of integrated

scheduling of production, preventive maintenance (PM) and corrective maintenance (CM)

jobs in a single machine. The objective of this article is to minimize total energy consumption

under the constraints of system robustness and stability. A common model for the integration

of preventive maintenance (PM) in production scheduling is proposed, where the sequence

of production tasks, as well as the preventive maintenance (PM) periods and the expected

times for completion of the tasks are established simultaneously; this makes the theory put

into practice more efficient. On the basis of the exact Branch and Bound method integrated on the CPLEX solver and the genetic algorithm (GA) solved in the Python software,

the performance of the proposed integer binary mixed programming model is tested and

evaluated. Indeed, after numerically experimenting with various parameters of the problem,

the B&B algorithm works relatively satisfactorily and provides accurate results compared

to the GA algorithm. A comparative study of the results proved that the model developed

was sufficiently efficient.