Applied sciences

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

Content

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2003 | No 2

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Abstract

The method based on the grazing incident angle geometry was applied for stress measurement In surface layers of polycrystalline samples. The advantage of this geometry is a constant penetration depth of the X-ray beam during experiment, however, the interpretation of experimental data is more difficult than for the standard technique. Diffraction elastic constants have 10 be calculated for various hkl reflections. The influence of elastic anisotropy on the results of stress measurement is studied.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Baczmański
Stanisław Skrzypek
Chedli Braham
Wilfrid Seiler
Krzysztof Wierzbanowski
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Abstract

Methods of progressive precipitation strengthening enabling to eliminate the disadvantageous y' phase, formed during the discontinuous transition ,are presented. Elimination of y' precipitates makes the CuNi I OAl3 alloy attain very high mechanical properties. Application of the presented methods of heat treatment gives also the possibility to modify the amount, the size and the morphology of the strengthening precipitates, which enables to control the mechanical properties of the alloy.
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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Gryziecki
Andrzej Łatkowski
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Abstract

Accurate prediction of springback is essential for the design of tools used in sheet metal stamping operation. This investigation aims to clarify the process conditions of three different bending operations of aluminium alloy brass and deep drawing quality steel sheets, by performing some experiments and finite-element simulation. The computer code MARC was used to simulate the V-die bending process under plane-strain condition. It provides a model, which predicts the precise final shape of products after unloading, in relation to the tensile properties of the material, especially instantaneous strain hardening parameters.
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Authors and Affiliations

Feliks Stachowicz
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Abstract

The study of the mechanical properties comprised fracture surface examination, texture and microstructure observations of copper samples, which were cold rolled, beginning from the recrystallized state or initially deformed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) up to equivalent deformation E= 2.7. In cold rolled recrystallized copper, intensive shear band formation on the sample scale as well as on micro-scale was observed; shear bands in cold rolled copper, initially ECAP processed, were difficult to observe. Higher ultimate strength and greater elongation were measured in tensiled samples, cut out in RD direction of rolled to z= 96% copper sheet and preliminarily ECAP processed samples; strain marks on the lateral surface of such a sample in the neck region demonstrated the grain size diameter lower than I μm. Fracture surface observation of ruptured sheet samples of recrystallized copper has shown that it is possible to explain the lower elongation as a result of localised deformation in shear bands. In both cold rolled sheets, texture with { 112 }<11-1> ideal orientation was observed, although in preliminarily ECAP processed copper the dispersion of crystal orientation around the ideal orientation was smaller.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Kuśnierz
Joanna Bogucka
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Abstract

Clasical thermodynamic analysis of any thermal and chemical process is usually based on the first law of thermodynamics. Such an approach is not sufficient when deeper understanding of the mechanism and nature of each elementary process is required. The use of the first and second law of thermodynamics together is necessary to solve practical problems more effectivly. Especially, application of the entropy generation rate and lost available energy (or exergy) concepts enhance our understanding of thermal process. Such an extended analysis is proposed to detect possible ways to decrease the electric energy consumption. Additionally, least squares adjustment procedure is proposed to make mathematical models of elementary processes taking place inside electrolysis cell more reliable.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zygmunt Kolenda
Janusz Donizak
Adam Hołda
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Abstract

Investigation of the converter slag reduction process in electric arc furnace have been carried out for several years. The aim of the investigations is to obtain the non-metallic phase in the form of the Portland clinker. In the investigations presented, the conditions are determined under which obtaining the non-metallic phase as the Portland clinker is possible.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Dziarmagowski
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Abstract

Basing on the literature data concerning the sessile drop topic, a method of surface tension of liquid metals and alloys measurements using numerical methods has been developed. The computational procedure used in the experiment was the least square estimation of the parameters of the differential equation describing the shape of a sessile drop of liquid. After a series of tests which confirmed the correctness of the employed computational procedure, the method was used in the surface tension measurements of liquid copper.
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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Siwiec
Jan Bator
Bolesław Machulec
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Abstract

On the basis of the earlier evaluation Bi-Cd system was critically assessed by means of CALPHAD method and using the most current thermochemical data for the constituent elements. The influence of various factors on the quality of data fitting was shown on the example of this systems.
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Authors and Affiliations

Leszek Zabdyr
Grzegorz Garzeł
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Abstract

There were investigated some initial structural transformations which take place in ureafurfuryl binding systems. They were investigated by FTIR spectrometry. There were also used two different techniques: transmission and diffuse reflection (DRS). The spectra were recorded within a range of 400-4000 cm'. The subjects of studies were two modified urea-furan resins (Kaltharz F700 and Kaltharz U404U) and the hardening process with two activators. Changes in FTIR spectra during hardening of the resins were recorded after the time of I, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours. In comparison there were also examined mechanical properties (tensile strength and bending strength) of sands prepared with these resins. Changes in the spectra of both resins with different activators were visible in the same range of 1400-1700 cm" in about 2 hours since the moment of making the sand; then the number of the bands and their intesity were decreasing. From the conducted tensile and bending tests of the sand it follows that the highest increase of these parameters takes place within the time ofup to 2 hours; then the strength increases but only slightly. As it follows from the preliminary studies, FTIR spectroscopy, and DRS technique - in particular, can be helpful in assessment of the hardening degree ofmoulding sands with organic binders and in getting familiar with the mechanism of the hardening process of these binders. There are also needed further investigations, especially to identify all the peaks in obtained spectrums.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marta Bilska
Mariusz Holtzer

Instructions for authors

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials is a quarterly journal of Polish Academy of Sciences and Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science PAS, which has published continuously since 1954, scientific papers in English in the following fields: metallurgy and materials science, foundry, mechanical working of metals, thermal engineering in metallurgy, thermodynamic and physical properties of materials, phase equilibria in the broad context and diffusion.

In addition to the regular, original scientific papers and conference proceedings, invited reviews presenting the up-to-date knowledge and monothematic issues devoted to preferred areas of research will be published. Submission of a paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, and that if accepted it will not be published elsewhere in the same form.

When preparing the manuscript, please pay attention to the following rules:

1. Manuscript submission

1.1. Electronic submission: All submissions must be made electronically via Editorial System https://www.editorialsystem.com/editor/amm/articles/list/?qt=NEW

1.2. Manuscript should not exceed 12 pages of full-size paper (A4), must be double spaced (please use 12 point font), with generous margins, and the pages must be numbered. Authors should submit an electronic file of their manuscript in Microsoft Word format (minimum: version 2000).

1.3. All manuscripts must be written in good English. Both British and U.S. English are acceptable but Authors should be consistent in their usage. It is sole responsibility of the Authors to make sure that the manuscript is grammatically correct and spell checked. Authors are strongly encouraged to have the manuscript proofread by a native speaker of English or a language professional, before it is submitted to the editorial office. Papers written in poor English will be automatically rejected without being subjected to review.

1.4. Authors should submit an electronic copy of final version of their paper in Microsoft Word format, schemes (sketches) and figures saved as .eps, .jpeg, or .tiff.

1.5. Articles submitted for publication should include abstract and maximum 5 key words.

1.6. Please adhere to the following order of presentation:

Author(s) with first names in full.

Affiliation(s): in a short form (Institution, City, Country). Use the superscripts (*, **, . . .) after the Authors’ names in case of different affiliations.

Title: All words in lower case (first letter of first word capitalized).

Abstract: maximum 10 lines, including primary objective, research design, methods and procedures, main outcomes and results, conclusions. Do not use abbreviations in the abstract.

Keywords: 5 maximum.

Main text: Begin on the second page with Introduction, followed by Experimental (Materials and Methods) and/or Theory section, Results, Discussion, and end with Conclusion section and Acknowledgement. When appropriate the Authors may choose to combine Results section and Discussion section into one Results and discussion section. Make sure the text in sections is divided logically into paragraphs. Use the decimal system for sections, subsections and (at the most) subsubsections, as exemplified in the headings of these instructions. All abbreviations should be spelled out the first time they are introduced in text or references. Thereafter the abbreviation can be used.

Appendices

References

Correspondence address: title, name, postal address, telephone and e-mail address of the corresponding Author.

Figure captions

Tables

2. Manuscript preparation

2.1. Formulae, equations and units

Formulae and equations should be typed on separate lines and numbered consecutively in parentheses on the right side (1) . . . (n). Vectors must be indicated as such. Size of symbols should be kept uniform for all equations in the manuscript. Formulae and equations should be referred to in the text as follows: Eq. (1). Numbers and units must be separated by a space, e.g. 5.5 wt.%, 273.15 K, 1013 MPa, etc. The only exception are angle degrees, e.g. 90°.

2.2. Figures

Figures are usually printed in reduced size and this should be taken into account when preparing them. This applies also to the photographs. For the best results, make sure that lettering on illustrations is at least 2 mm high after reduction. Figure captions should be typed on a separate page at the end of manuscript. The same refers to tables and all sorts of lists. The appropriate place of tables and figures in the text should be indicated by < Tab 1 > or written in separate line. Figures should be referred to in text as follows: Fig. 1. Each figure should have its own caption explaining the content without reference to the text. Line drawings will normally be printed in column width of 85 mm. After this reduction all figures should have the same final letter size of at least 2 mm. The style of labeling of the coordinates must be uniform for all drawings. The magnification must be indicated by a labeled scale marker on the micrograph itself, not drawn below it. For optimum printing quality micrographs should be saved as .eps or .tiff at a resolution of at least 300 dpi while line drawings at a resolution of at least 600 dpi.

2.3. Tables

Tables together with captions should be typed on separate page at the end of manuscript. Tables are to be numbered consecutively using Arabic numbers in the text (TABLE 1 . . . n). The captions should explain the symbols used in the heading and in the left hand column. Tables should be referred to in the text as follows: TABLE 1.

2.4. References

A new type of literature provision has been in force since 2020 – modified vancouver style.
Please follow the instructions below.

References should be typed on separate pages and numbered consecutively applying the system accepted by the Quarterly (initials and names all authors, title of the article (obligatory), journal title [abbreviated according to the Journal Title Abbreviations of Web of Science: http://library.caltech.edu/reference/abbreviations/ everyone abbreviation should be end with a dot – example. Arch. Metall. Mater.] or book title; journal volume or book publisher; page spread; publication year in bracket, full DOI number).

Please note the correct layout punctation (commas and periods), and spaces. Please note the arrangement of dots, commas and spaces.

First, we write the initial of the name, dot, space, surname, volume must be written BOLD, at the name   of the authors, do not write a word “and” write only a comma. We give the year of publication at the end of the sentence in brackets and DOI number (full notation and linked).

The use of DOI numbers (full notation and linked) is mandatory for each paper and should be formatted as shown in the examples below:

3. Samples

Journals:

[1] L.B. Magalas, Development of High-Resolution Mechanical Spectroscopy, HRMS: Status and Perspectives. HRMS Coupled with a Laser Dilatometer. Arch. Metall. Mater. 60 (3), 2069-2076 (2015). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/AMM-2015-0350

[2] E. Pagounis, M.J. Szczerba, R. Chulist, M. Laufenberg, Large Magnetic Field-Induced Work output in a NiMgGa Seven-Lavered Modulated Martensite. Appl. Phys. Lett. 107, 152407 (2015). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4933303

[3] H. Etschmaier, H. Torwesten, H. Eder, P. Hadley, Suppression of Interdiffusion in Copper/Tin thin Films. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. (2012).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-0090-2.

Books:

[4] K.U. Kainer (Ed.), Metal Matrix Composites, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (2006).

[5] K. Szacilowski, Infochemistry: Information Processing at the Nanoscale, Wiley (2012).

[6] L. Reimer, H. Kohl, Transmission Electron Microscopy: Physics of Image Formation, Springer, New York (2008).

Proceedings or chapter in books with editor(s):

[7] R. Major, P. Lacki, R. Kustosz, J. M. Lackner, Modelling of nanoindentation to simulate thin layer behavior, in: K. J. Kurzydłowski, B. Major, P. Zięba (Eds.), Foundation of Materials Design 2006, Research Signpost (2006).

Internet resource:

[8] https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/crystallographic-databases, accessed: 17.04.2017

Academic thesis (PhD, MSc):

[9] T. Mitra, PhD thesis, Modeling of Burden Distribution in the Blast Furnace, Abo Akademia University, Turku/Abo, Finland (2016).

 

3. Fee

We would like to inform the Authors that from July 1, 2024, the fee is increased and will amount to 300 EUR plus 23%VAT (1250 PLN net for authors with Polish affiliation).

4. Review and proofread process

4.1. Peer review process

All submitted manuscripts are subject to review by recognized experts appointed by the Editor-in-Chief and members of the Editorial Board. Authors are requested to provide in the editorial system the names and contact details (affiliations and valid e-mail addresses) of two experts who could act as reviewers. Only one of these names may be from the same country as the affiliation of the corresponding author. The decision to appoint a reviewer is solely at the editor's discretion. When the article requires corrections, the authors are required to respond in writing to the comments of the Editor and Reviewers and to make corrections to the manuscript. The decision to reject the article is made by the Editorial Board, and the final decision is made by the Editor, who may appoint another reviewer if necessary. The reviewers remain anonymous to the authors and their identity cannot be disclosed by the Editor.

 4.2. Submission of a revised manuscript

When a manuscript revision is requested, Authors should return a revised version of their manuscript to the editorial office as soon as possible. Acting quickly can ensure rapid publication if the article is finally accepted for publication in Arch Metall Mater. If this is the first revision of the article, Authors are requested to return the revised manuscript within 14 days. If this is the second revision, Authors are requested to return the revised manuscript within 7 days.

 4.3. Final revision

 Authors will receive a pdf file via the editorial system in the PROOF tab of the proof of the article in a version that is suitable for publication. This is the last opportunity to review the article before its publication on the journal's website, Czytelnia PAN platform and WoS. No changes or modifications can be made after publication. Therefore, authors are requested to thoroughly review the manuscript and prepare a separate document containing all changes that should be introduced.

5. Original version

Starting with issue 1 / 2000, volume 45, the Archive of Metallurgy and Materials is published in electronic form on the platform Reading Room PAS  as the original version (reference). The platform  Reading Room PAS sends files to WoS within 6 weeks of publication of the full content of a given issue. The printed version is printed by the Warsaw Scientific Printing House of the PAN.

6. Prevent cases of plagiarism

Readers should be sure that the authors present the results of their work transparently, fair and honest, regardless of whether they are the direct authors, or used the help of a specialized entity (natural or legal person). To prevent cases of plagiarism,  the Editorial Office will require that the Authors disclosed the contribution of individual Authors in the creation of manuscript (with their affiliations and contributions, i.e. the information who is responsible for: research concept and design, collection and/or assembly of data, data analysis and interpretation, writing the manuscript) in the document "Ghostwriting statement paper".Funding sources (together with grant number) must also be revealed. The corresponding Author will bear the main responsibility for the manuscript. Detected cases will be exposed, including notifying the appropriate entities (institutions employing the Authors, scientific societies, associations of editors of scientific journals, etc.).

7. License type

Articles are printed in an open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.enThis license allows others to distribute, remix, modify and build upon the author's work, even commercially, as long as the author of the original work is attributed to him.

Submission of an article to the journal is unequivocal to expressing consent to the publication in both paper and electronic form.

 

 

 

Additional info

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials is covered by the following services:


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