Aluminum metal matrix composites are valued for their lightweight nature, high performance, and favorable thermal expansion characteristics, preparing them to be suitable for aerospace, defense, automotive, athletic training equipment, and electronics applications. Al-7175 alloy, widely employed in aerospace for advancing structural components, is selected in this pilot study as a base material. reinforcements included varying weight percentages of Al2O3 (2, 4, 6, and 8%), SiC (three levels), and palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) as a sustainable waste-based additive. The composite are fabricated by stir casting method, and test specimens are prepared in accordance with international standards to evaluate stiffness, tensile strength, impact resistance, and wear behavior. The results revealed that incorporating Al₂O₃, SiC, and PKSA enhanced stiffnesses per the additives added in MMCsby1%, 1.5%, 1.6%, and 1.7% (as per the wt.%) and tensile strengthby8%, 10%, and 40, impact resistance by7%, 34%, 25%, and 42%, reduced wear by 2.4%, 22%, and 7.2%due to the synergistic effect of these reinforcements. An L9 orthogonal array and design of experiments (DOE) approach are employed to optimize Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) parameters, for minimal surface roughness and optimal material removal rate (MRR). MRR reduction is linked to a higher Ton, voltage, wire feed rate, and Toff settings, with long-range producing higher MRR at minimum reinforcements level but increases in surface roughness. Optimal WEDM parameters are determined as Ton = 5, Toff = 5, voltage = 75, and wire feed = 6, enabling efficient and precise production ofAl-7175 hybrid metal matrix composites (HMMCs) reinforced with Al2O3, SiC, and PKSA across different weight fractions.
Herein, using first-principle calculations and full potential linearized augmented plane wave, the structural, mechanical, and opto-electronic properties of K3XO (X = Cl, Br, and I) anti-perovskite oxides have been studied under different pressures. The structures optimization shows cell parameters very close to the available experimental and theoretical values. The mechanical stability criteria is checked by computed the elastic constants C11, C12 and C44 using the optimized data. Our results also demonstrate the ductility of the all compounds under study and their usefulness in medium-temperature devices, as they have a relatively high Debye temperature. Furthermore, the calculated band structure revealed a direct band gap for the three antiperovskites, the energy band gap values are about 4.21, 3.55 and 3.16 eV for K3ClO, K3BrO and K3IO, respectively, these values of Eg increase linearly as a function of pressure. We investigate also the optical properties of these compounds under various pressures, such as the dielectric function, absorption coefficient, energy loss function, reflectivity and refractive index, within the photon energy interval 0-25 eV, hence all the studied antiperovskites exhibit excellent optical properties, including low reflectivity and high absorption in the ultraviolet region which is good for photovoltaic applications.
Deep-sea mud is expected to be a novel and potential rare earths resource that supplements terrestrial rare earths, and has received international attention. In this work, the leaching kinetics and behavior of rare earths from deep-sea mud with sulfuric acid was investigated. The results revealed that the rare earth elements (REEs) could be leached out via a sulfuric acid leaching process. A optimized REEs leaching percentage of 82.83% was obtained by using 1.0 mol/L sulfuric acid as leaching agents with a liquid-solid ratio of 4:1 and stirring speed of 250 rpm at 60℃ for 30 min. Under the optimized leaching conditions, the leaching kinetics analysis showed that the leaching process was conformed to the shrinking-core model which contained two stages as follows: 1) From 0 min to 4 min, the reaction was controlled through an external diffusion process, and could be described as X = 0.5491·e–4569/RT·t (Ea = 4.569 kJ/mol); 2) From 4 min to 30 min, due to the increase of solid calcium sulfate products, the reaction gradually transformed into an internal diffusion-controlled process, and could be described as 1 – 2/3X – (1 – X)2/3 = 0.0577·e–7083/RT·t (Ea = 7.083 kJ/mol).
This study introduces a dual-objective optimization framework for the laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) of TC11 titanium alloy, designed to concurrently mitigate deformation and improve densification. A multiphysics finite element model, which incorporates temperature-dependent material properties, was developed to investigate the deformation mechanisms across an energy density range of 21.2-54.5 J/mm3. Experimental validation, conducted using 3D laser scanning, demonstrated close alignment with the predicted outcomes, with maximum deviations ranging from 0.04 to 0.08 mm. Systematic density measurements uncovered the nonlinear coupling effects between laser power and scan speed, resulting in an empirical power-velocity equation (P = 0.2V + 30, where P denotes laser power and V represents scanning speed), which yielded a peak relative density of 99.2%. The proposed strategy offers a comprehensive approach to the precision manufacturing of complex PBF-LB components, effectively balancing dimensional accuracy with mechanical performance, while minimizing experimental effort.
In this study, super-paramagnetic Zn0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized simultaneously with the PEG layers covering using the hydrothermal method. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the structure of ferrite, the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) indicated that the average size of particles was approximately 10.7-13.1 nm, respectively, and PEG affected to change the average size of the particle, besides, they can be a good candidate for the agglomeration of the particles, this lead to keep the super-paramagnetic state of them. Additionally, the Vibrating Samples Magnetometer (VSM) revealed that the magnetization saturation Ms of samples reached the highest value (28.47 emu/gr) with 0.15 g/5 ml PEG concentration. The high saturation magnetization of super-paramagnetic Zn0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles promises a good ability for applications such as microwave absorbing materials, X-ray clothing protection, MRI contrast image enhancement, target drug delivery, and gas sensors.
This study investigates the effects of solution and aging heat treatments on SiCp/Al-Mg-Si-Cu aluminum matrix composites using scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, salt spray corrosion tests, and electrochemical characterization. Solution and aging treatments promote finely dispersed CuMgA2 phases, significantly enhancing mechanical properties, increasing hardness to 134 HV and strength to 440 MPa. With prolonged corrosion, particle stripping on the composite surface intensifies. After 8 days of corrosion, morphology fluctuation variances are 14.40 for untreated samples, 5.73 for solution-treated samples, and 4.40 for aged samples. Electrochemical tests reveal that aged samples have the lowest corrosion current (1.616×10–7 A/cm2) and the largest capacitive arc, indicating superior corrosion resistance. XPS analysis confirms that aging results in uniformly distributed CuMgAl2 phases, enhancing corrosion resistance. Aging treatment significantly improves corrosion resistance, followed by solution treatment, with untreated samples performing the worst.
The oxidization roasting process is an effective method for synthetizing micron-sized spherical manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) with a multilayer structure. In the synthesis process of the manganese ferrite samples, the phase formation, morphology evolution and interfacial reactions of the MnO-Fe2O3 system under different factors were comparatively investigated. The experimental results revealed that manganese ferrite with a magnetization saturation (Ms) value of 64.96 emu/g and a coercivity (Hc) value of 34.10 Oe can be successfully synthesized for 30 min at 1300°C with a Mn/Fe molar ratio of 1:2 in an air atmosphere. However, the micron-sized spherical manganese ferrite samples exhibited a total pore volume of 0.034 cm3/g, a pore volume of 0.032 cm3/g, a specific surface area (SSA) of 6.41 cm3/g and an average particle size (APS) of 20.96 nm. The reduction roasting conditions facilitated the formation of micron-sized spherical MnFe2O4, with FexMn1-xO (0 ≤ y ≤ 1) as intermediates. These intermediates were subsequently oxidized to MnxFe3-xO4 (1 < x ≤ 3), MnxFe3-xO4 (0 < x < 1), and MnFe2O4 under different stages and conditions. Additionally, tetrahedral coordinated Mn²⁺ ions in Mn3O4 with spinel-type crystal structures were replaced by tetrahedral coordinated Fe²⁺ ions to form MnxFe3-xO4 with a similar crystal structure. Both normal and inverse spinel structures of manganese ferrite coexist and transform during the synthesis of MnxFe3-xO4 via the oxidization roasting process.
Against the backdrop of dwindling energy supplies and escalating environmental pressures in ironmaking, low-carbon ironmaking technologies have garnered significant research attention. This study centers on developing blast furnace biomass composite pellets from carbon-neutral biomass and high-silica magnetite concentrate. The physicochemical properties and pyrolysis behaviors of these biomass materials are systematically analyzed. From a microscopic structural perspective, the feasibility of forming spherical biomass composite pellets is critically discussed, followed by an in-depth examination of their strength and phase structure evolution. When the biomass addition ratio reaches 7%, the compressive strength of rice husk-waste wood chip composite pellets exceed 2200.00 N·P–1, while waste wood chip-based composite pellets exhibit a higher strength of 2660.03 N·P–1. High-temperature roasting of high-silica ore generates bridging solid solutions and minor complex silicates, which are dispersed within pores and between particles. This phenomenon enhances the structural integrity of composite pellets and reinforces their compressive strength. This work establishes a theoretical foundation for producing high-quality biomass composite pellets in blast furnace operations.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials is a quarterly journal of Polish Academy of Sciences and Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science PAS, which has published continuously since 1954, scientific papers in English in the following fields: metallurgy and materials science, foundry, mechanical working of metals, thermal engineering in metallurgy, thermodynamic and physical properties of materials, phase equilibria in the broad context and diffusion.
In addition to the regular, original scientific papers and conference proceedings, invited reviews presenting the up-to-date knowledge and monothematic issues devoted to preferred areas of research will be published. Submission of a paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, and that if accepted it will not be published elsewhere in the same form.
When preparing the manuscript, please pay attention to the following rules:
1. Manuscript submission
1.1. Electronic submission: All submissions must be made electronically via Editorial System https://www.editorialsystem.com/editor/amm/articles/list/?qt=NEW
1.2. Manuscript should not exceed 12 pages of full-size paper (A4), must be double spaced (please use 12 point font), with generous margins, and the pages must be numbered. Authors should submit an electronic file of their manuscript in Microsoft Word format (minimum: version 2000).
1.3. All manuscripts must be written in good English. Both British and U.S. English are acceptable but Authors should be consistent in their usage. It is sole responsibility of the Authors to make sure that the manuscript is grammatically correct and spell checked. Authors are strongly encouraged to have the manuscript proofread by a native speaker of English or a language professional, before it is submitted to the editorial office. Papers written in poor English will be automatically rejected without being subjected to review.
1.4. Authors should submit an electronic copy of final version of their paper in Microsoft Word format, schemes (sketches) and figures saved as .eps, .jpeg, or .tiff.
1.5. Articles submitted for publication should include abstract and maximum 5 key words.
1.6. Please adhere to the following order of presentation:
Author(s) with first names in full.
Affiliation(s): in a short form (Institution, City, Country). Use the superscripts (*, **, . . .) after the Authors’ names in case of different affiliations.
Title: All words in lower case (first letter of first word capitalized).
Abstract: maximum 10 lines, including primary objective, research design, methods and procedures, main outcomes and results, conclusions. Do not use abbreviations in the abstract.
Keywords: 5 maximum.
Main text: Begin on the second page with Introduction, followed by Experimental (Materials and Methods) and/or Theory section, Results, Discussion, and end with Conclusion section and Acknowledgement. When appropriate the Authors may choose to combine Results section and Discussion section into one Results and discussion section. Make sure the text in sections is divided logically into paragraphs. Use the decimal system for sections, subsections and (at the most) subsubsections, as exemplified in the headings of these instructions. All abbreviations should be spelled out the first time they are introduced in text or references. Thereafter the abbreviation can be used.
Appendices
References
Correspondence address: title, name, postal address, telephone and e-mail address of the corresponding Author.
Figure captions
Tables
2. Manuscript preparation
2.1. Formulae, equations and units
Formulae and equations should be typed on separate lines and numbered consecutively in parentheses on the right side (1) . . . (n). Vectors must be indicated as such. Size of symbols should be kept uniform for all equations in the manuscript. Formulae and equations should be referred to in the text as follows: Eq. (1). Numbers and units must be separated by a space, e.g. 5.5 wt.%, 273.15 K, 1013 MPa, etc. The only exception are angle degrees, e.g. 90°.
2.2. Figures
Figures are usually printed in reduced size and this should be taken into account when preparing them. This applies also to the photographs. For the best results, make sure that lettering on illustrations is at least 2 mm high after reduction. Figure captions should be typed on a separate page at the end of manuscript. The same refers to tables and all sorts of lists. The appropriate place of tables and figures in the text should be indicated by < Tab 1 > or written in separate line. Figures should be referred to in text as follows: Fig. 1. Each figure should have its own caption explaining the content without reference to the text. Line drawings will normally be printed in column width of 85 mm. After this reduction all figures should have the same final letter size of at least 2 mm. The style of labeling of the coordinates must be uniform for all drawings. The magnification must be indicated by a labeled scale marker on the micrograph itself, not drawn below it. For optimum printing quality micrographs should be saved as .eps or .tiff at a resolution of at least 300 dpi while line drawings at a resolution of at least 600 dpi.
2.3. Tables
Tables together with captions should be typed on separate page at the end of manuscript. Tables are to be numbered consecutively using Arabic numbers in the text (TABLE 1 . . . n). The captions should explain the symbols used in the heading and in the left hand column. Tables should be referred to in the text as follows: TABLE 1.
2.4. References
A new type of literature provision has been in force since 2020 – modified vancouver style.
Please follow the instructions below.
References should be typed on separate pages and numbered consecutively applying the system accepted by the Quarterly (initials and names all authors, title of the article (obligatory), journal title [abbreviated according to the Journal Title Abbreviations of Web of Science: http://library.caltech.edu/reference/abbreviations/ everyone abbreviation should be end with a dot – example. Arch. Metall. Mater.] or book title; journal volume or book publisher; page spread; publication year in bracket, full DOI number).
Please note the correct layout punctation (commas and periods), and spaces. Please note the arrangement of dots, commas and spaces.
First, we write the initial of the name, dot, space, surname, volume must be written BOLD, at the name of the authors, do not write a word “and” write only a comma. We give the year of publication at the end of the sentence in brackets and DOI number (full notation and linked).
The use of DOI numbers (full notation and linked) is mandatory for each paper and should be formatted as shown in the examples below:
3. Samples
Journals:
[1] L.B. Magalas, Development of High-Resolution Mechanical Spectroscopy, HRMS: Status and Perspectives. HRMS Coupled with a Laser Dilatometer. Arch. Metall. Mater. 60 (3), 2069-2076 (2015). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/AMM-2015-0350
[2] E. Pagounis, M.J. Szczerba, R. Chulist, M. Laufenberg, Large Magnetic Field-Induced Work output in a NiMgGa Seven-Lavered Modulated Martensite. Appl. Phys. Lett. 107, 152407 (2015). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4933303
[3] H. Etschmaier, H. Torwesten, H. Eder, P. Hadley, Suppression of Interdiffusion in Copper/Tin thin Films. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. (2012).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-0090-2.
Books:
[4] K.U. Kainer (Ed.), Metal Matrix Composites, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (2006).
[5] K. Szacilowski, Infochemistry: Information Processing at the Nanoscale, Wiley (2012).
[6] L. Reimer, H. Kohl, Transmission Electron Microscopy: Physics of Image Formation, Springer, New York (2008).
Proceedings or chapter in books with editor(s):
[7] R. Major, P. Lacki, R. Kustosz, J. M. Lackner, Modelling of nanoindentation to simulate thin layer behavior, in: K. J. Kurzydłowski, B. Major, P. Zięba (Eds.), Foundation of Materials Design 2006, Research Signpost (2006).
Internet resource:
[8] https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/crystallographic-databases, accessed: 17.04.2017
Academic thesis (PhD, MSc):
[9] T. Mitra, PhD thesis, Modeling of Burden Distribution in the Blast Furnace, Abo Akademia University, Turku/Abo, Finland (2016).
3. Fee
We would like to inform the Authors that from July 1, 2024, the fee is increased and will amount to 300 EUR plus 23%VAT (1250 PLN net for authors with Polish affiliation).
4. Review and proofread process
4.1. Peer review process
All submitted manuscripts are subject to review by recognized experts appointed by the Editor-in-Chief and members of the Editorial Board. Authors are requested to provide in the editorial system the names and contact details (affiliations and valid e-mail addresses) of two experts who could act as reviewers. Only one of these names may be from the same country as the affiliation of the corresponding author. The decision to appoint a reviewer is solely at the editor's discretion. When the article requires corrections, the authors are required to respond in writing to the comments of the Editor and Reviewers and to make corrections to the manuscript. The decision to reject the article is made by the Editorial Board, and the final decision is made by the Editor, who may appoint another reviewer if necessary. The reviewers remain anonymous to the authors and their identity cannot be disclosed by the Editor.
4.2. Submission of a revised manuscript
When a manuscript revision is requested, Authors should return a revised version of their manuscript to the editorial office as soon as possible. Acting quickly can ensure rapid publication if the article is finally accepted for publication in Arch Metall Mater. If this is the first revision of the article, Authors are requested to return the revised manuscript within 14 days. If this is the second revision, Authors are requested to return the revised manuscript within 7 days.
4.3. Final revision
Authors will receive a pdf file via the editorial system in the PROOF tab of the proof of the article in a version that is suitable for publication. This is the last opportunity to review the article before its publication on the journal's website, Czytelnia PAN platform and WoS. No changes or modifications can be made after publication. Therefore, authors are requested to thoroughly review the manuscript and prepare a separate document containing all changes that should be introduced.
5. Original version
Starting with issue 1 / 2000, volume 45, the Archive of Metallurgy and Materials is published in electronic form on the platform Reading Room PAS as the original version (reference). The platform Reading Room PAS sends files to WoS within 6 weeks of publication of the full content of a given issue. The printed version is printed by the Warsaw Scientific Printing House of the PAN.
6. Prevent cases of plagiarism
Readers should be sure that the authors present the results of their work transparently, fair and honest, regardless of whether they are the direct authors, or used the help of a specialized entity (natural or legal person). To prevent cases of plagiarism, the Editorial Office will require that the Authors disclosed the contribution of individual Authors in the creation of manuscript (with their affiliations and contributions, i.e. the information who is responsible for: research concept and design, collection and/or assembly of data, data analysis and interpretation, writing the manuscript) in the document "Ghostwriting statement paper".Funding sources (together with grant number) must also be revealed. The corresponding Author will bear the main responsibility for the manuscript. Detected cases will be exposed, including notifying the appropriate entities (institutions employing the Authors, scientific societies, associations of editors of scientific journals, etc.).
7. License type
Articles are printed in an open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.enThis license allows others to distribute, remix, modify and build upon the author's work, even commercially, as long as the author of the original work is attributed to him.
Submission of an article to the journal is unequivocal to expressing consent to the publication in both paper and electronic form.
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