Nauki Techniczne

Archives of Foundry Engineering

Zawartość

Archives of Foundry Engineering | Accepted articles | Accepted articles

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Abstrakt

One of the major limitations of using molten salts for CO2 capture processes from industrial gas streams is the availability of construction materials with adequate corrosion resistance. This is due to the high operating temperature of the process and the aggressive environment of chloride-fluoride molten salts. In this study, the influence of temperature and a molten, eutectic mixture of CaCl2 - CaF2 with the addition of 10 wt.% CaO on the behavior of SS316 steel was evaluated. Tests were conducted at 700 °C and 950 °C for 40, 80, and 120 hours. Material samples were weighed before and after the tests, and selected samples underwent microscopic analysis (SEM, EDS), measurements of the corrosion product layer thickness, and wall thickness. The corrosion rate of SS316 steel was also determined. The results showed, among other findings, that at 700 °C, mass losses were minimal (max. 0.5%), and the corrosion layer had an average thickness not exceeding 8.2 μm. At 950 °C, mass loss increased to 3.85%, and the corrosion product layer reached an average thickness of 83 μm. Intergranular corrosion was also observed, along with enrichment of the corrosion layer with salt elements (Ca, O, Cl) and steel alloying elements (Cr, Ni). Additionally, segregation of Cr, Mn, and Mo was noted at grain boundaries. The calculated corrosion rate of SS316 steel at 700 °C was 171 μm/year, while at 950 °C, it was significantly higher at 1540 μm/year.
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Bibliografia

  • Tang, Z. & Tao, W.Q. (2023). Strength analysis of molten salt tanks for concentrating solar power plants. Energy Storage and Saving. 2(4), 571-577. DOI: 10.1016/j.enss.2023.08.003.
  • Russo, V., Petroni, G., Rovense, F., Giorgetti, M., Napoli, G., Giorgi, G. & Gaggioli, W. (2025). Experimental testing results on critical components for molten salt-based CSP systems. 18(1), 198, 1-21. DOI: 10.3390/en18010198.
  • Serp, J., Allibert, M., Beneš, O., Delpech, S., Feynberg, O., Ghetta, V., Heuer, D., Holcomb, D., Ignatiev, W., Kloosterman, J.L., Luzzi, L., Merle-Lucotte, E., Uhlíř, J., Yoshionka, R. & Zhimin, D. (2014). The molten salt reactor (MSR) ingeneration IV: Overview and perspectives. Progress in Nuclear Energy. 77, 308-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2014.02.014.
  • Noori-Kalkhoran, O., Jain, L. & Merk, B. (2024). On the use of a chloride or fluoride salt fuel system in advanced molten salt reactors, part 3; radiation damage. Energies (Basel). 17(19), 4772, 1-14. DOI: 10.3390/en17194772.
  • Arcos, C., Guerra, C., Ramos-Grez, J.A. & Sancy, M. (2023). Ni-Al bronze in molten carbonate manufactured by LPBF: effect of porosity design on mechanical properties and oxidation. 16(10), 3893, 1-15. DOI: 10.3390/ma16103893.
  • Quadros, J.D., Khan, S.A., Mohin, M., Mogul, Y.I., Aabid, A., Baig, M. & Ahmed, O.S. (2023). Heat transfer of Ca (NO3)2-KNO3 molten salt mixtures for austempering and martempering processes of steels. ACS Omega. 9(15), 17266-17275. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10262.
  • Zhang, J., Yan, H., Liu, Z., Guo, S., Yang, Y., Yang, G., Xia,R., Hu, M. & Li, L. (2024). Progress in research and application of molten salt electrolysis for titanium extraction. Journal of Electrochemical Society. 171(8), 082502, 1-16. DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ad6d95.
  • Pietrzyk, S., Palima̧ka, P. & Gȩbarowski, W. (2014). The effect of liquid aluminium on the corrosion of carbonaceous materials. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 59(2), 545-550. DOI: 10.2478/amm-2014-0090.
  • Palimąka, P. (2020). Thermal cleaning and melting of fine aluminium alloy chips. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 20(4), 91-96. DOI: 10.24425/afe.2020.133353.
  • Zhu, M., Zeng, S., Zhang, H., Li, J. & Cao, B. (2018). Electrochemical study on the corrosion behaviors of 316 SS in HITEC molten salt at different temperatures. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 186, 200-207 DOI: 10.1016/J.SOLMAT.2018.06.044.
  • Abu-Warda, N., García-Rodríguez, S., Torres, B., Utrilla, M.V. & Rams, J. (2024). Effect of Molten Salts Composition on the Corrosion Behavior of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel for Concentrating Solar Power. Metals (Basel). 14(6), 639, 1-18. DOI: 10.3390/met14060639.
  • Sandhi, K.K. & Szpunar, J. (2021). Analysis of corrosion of hastelloy-N, alloy x750, SS316 and SS304 in molten salt high-temperature environment. Energies (Basel). 14(3), 543, 1-10. DOI: 10.3390/en14030543.
  • Feng, J., Gao, J., Mao, L., Bedell, R. & Liu, E. (2024). Modeling the impact of grain size on corrosion behavior of Ni-based alloys in molten chloride salt via cellular automata. Metals . 14(8), 931, 1-12. DOI: 10.3390/met14080931.
  • Kettrakul, P., Siripongsakul, T., Kanjanaprayut, N., Wiman, P., Promdirek, P. (2023). Effect of Si addition in NiCrAl coating on corrosion in molten nitrate salt. Retrieved January 28, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3282513/v1.
  • Olsen, E. & Tomkute, V. (2013). Carbon capture in molten salts. Energy Science & Engineering. 1(3), 144-150. DOI: 10.1002/ese3.24.
  • Tomkute, V., Solheim, A. & Olsen, E. (2014). CO2 capture by CaO in molten CaF2-CaCl2: Optimization of the process and cyclability of CO2 capture. Energy and Fuels. 28(8), 5345-5353. DOI: 10.1021/ef5010896.
  • Palimąka, P., Pietrzyk, S., Balcerzak, M., Żaba, K.,Leszczyńska-Madej, B. & Jaskowska-Lemańska, J. (2024). Evaluation of the wear of Ni 200 alloy after long-term carbon capture in molten salts process. Materials. 17(24), 6302, 1-25. DOI: 10.3390/ma17246302.
  • Ding, W., Bonk, A. & Bauer, T. (2018). Corrosion behavior of metallic alloys in molten chloride salts for thermal energy storage in concentrated solar power plants: A review. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering. 12, 564-576. DOI: 10.1007/s11705-018-1720-0.
  • Ma, H. (2003). Corrosion of Metallic Materials in High-temperature Chloride Salt Environment. Level of Thesis, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
  • Wang, M., Song, Z., Huihui, Z.  Zhu, M., Chengxin, L. & Boshuai. L. (2020). Corrosion behaviors of 316 stainless steel and Inconel 625 alloy in chloride molten salts for solar energy storage. High Temperature Materials and Processes. 39(1), 340-350. DOI: 10.1515/htmp-2020-0077.
  • Wei, Y., La, P., Zheng, Y., Zhan, F., Yu, H., Yang, P., Zhu, M., Bai, Z. & Gao, Y. (2025). Review of molten salt corrosion in stainless steels and superalloys. 15(3), 237, 1-33. DOI: 10.3390/cryst15030237.
  • HSC Chemistry v 7.0, Outotec Research
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

P. Palimąka
1
ORCID: ORCID
B. Leszczyńska-Madej
1

  1. AGH University of Krakow, Poland
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Abstrakt

Aluminium-silicon alloys are widely used in industrial practice due to their many advantages, including light weight and relatively high strength. The consumption of these light engineering materials is constantly increasing, especially in the automotive industry, due to new greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards. The sustainable development strategy in the foundry industry is related to reducing the amount of waste and pollution generated during the production process. In turn, reducing the number of production shortages and waste requires the production of good quality Al-Si castings, and thus the appropriate selection and monitoring of technological parameters affecting the quality of the liquid alloy, including the level of purity and the degree of its gasification. The main objective of the research conducted to evaluate the technological properties of the AlSi12CuNiMg (AlSi12) alloy was to identify the causes of increased defect rates in piston castings during the production process at the Złotecki Sp. z o.o. The tests were carried out using two Al-Si alloys with silicon content close to eutectic (approx. 12%) used for piston castings, from two different suppliers. Three measurement methods were used to evaluate the technological properties of the tested AlSi12 alloys: thermal analysis, fluidity test and density index for gasification measurement. Based on the analysis of the results, it was concluded that an excessively low-density index level might be the cause of the increased casting defect rates observed in the production of pistons for internal combustion engines and compressors, particularly for castings with significant variations in wall thickness.
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Bibliografia

  • Dispinar, D., Kvithyld, A. & Nordmark, A. (2011). Quality assessment of recycled aluminium. In Stephen J. Lindsay(Eds.), Light Metals 2011. Springer, Cham.731-735. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48160-9_127.
  • Kasińska, J., Bolibruchová, D. & Matejka, M. (2020). The influence of remelting on the properties of AlSi9Cu3 alloy with higher iron content. Materials. 13(3), 575, 1-13. DOI:10.3390/ma13030575.
  • Dursun, T. & Soutis, C. (2014). Recent developments
    in advanced aircraft aluminium alloys. Materials and Design. 56, 862-871. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.12.002.
  • Javidani, M. & Larouche, D. (2014). Application of cast Al–Si alloys in internal combustion engine components. International Materials Reviews. 59(3), 132-158. DOI:10.1179/1743280413Y.0000000027.
  • Orłowicz, A.W., Tupaj M., Mróz, M. & Trytek, S. (2015). Combustion Engine Cylinder Liners Made of Al-Si Alloys. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 15(2), 71-74. DOI: 10.1515/afe-2015-0041.
  • Zeren, M. (2007). The effect of heat-treatment on aluminum-based piston alloys. Materials & Design. 28(9), 2511-2517. DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.09.010.
  • Kolmasiak, C. (2024). Decarbonization of production systems in foundries. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 24(2), 104-109. DOI: 10.24425/afe.2024.149276.
  • Jollya, M. & Katgerman, L. (2022). Modelling of defects
    in aluminium cast products. Progress in Materials Science. 123, 100824, 1-39. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100824.
  • Yang, Y., Yu, K., Li, Y., Zhao, D. & Liu, X. (2012). Evolution of nickel-rich phases in Al–Si–Cu–Ni–Mg piston alloys with different Cu additions. Materials and Design. 33, 220-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.06.058.
  • Pasko J., Gaspar S. & Ružbarský J. (2014). Die casting defects of castings from silumin. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 510, 91-96. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.510.91.
  • Piątkowski, J., Roskosz, S. & Stach, S. (2024). The influence
    of selected high – pressure die casting parameters on the porosity of EN AB-46000 alloy castings. Advances
    in Science and Technology Research Journal
    . 18(5), 361-371. DOI: 10.12913/22998624/191236.
  • Tiryakioğlu M. (2020). The effect of hydrogen on pore formation in aluminum alloy castings: myth versus reality. Metals. 10(3), 368, 1-17. DOI: 10.3390/met10030368.
  • Kucharčík, L., Brůna, M. & Sládek A. (2014). Influence
    of chemical composition on porosity in aluminium alloys. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 14(2), 5-8. ISSN (1897-3310).
  • Nicoletto G., Konećná, R. & Fintova, S. (2012). Characterization of microshrinkage casting defects of Al–Si alloys by X-ray computed tomography and metallography. International Journal of Fatigue. 41, 39-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2012.01.006.
  • Dispinar, D., Erzi, E., Gürsoy, Ö., Yüksel Ç. & Colak, M. (2019). Determination of acceptable quality limit for casting of A356 aluminium alloy: supplier’s quality index (SQI). Metals. 9(9), 957, 1-14. DOI: 10.3390/met9090957.
  • Dispinar, D., Gursoy, O., Erzi, E. & Tur, K. (2020). Evolution of aluminium melt quality of A356 after several recycling. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 20(4), 61-66. DOI: 10.24425/afe.2020.133348.
  • Campbell, J. (2015). Complete casting handbook: Metal casting processes, metallurgy, techniques and design. UK: Butterworth-Heinemann.
  • Retrieved December 18, 2024, from https://zlotecki.pl/?lang=en
  • Haga, T., Imamura, S. & Fuse, H. (2021). Fluidity investigation of pure Al and Al-Si alloys. Materials. 14(18), 5372, 1-15. DOI: 10.3390/ma14185372.
  • Jang, H.S., Kang, H.J., Park, J.Y., Choi, Y.S. & Shin, S. (2020). Effects of casting conditions for reduced pressure test on melt quality of Al-Si alloy. Metals. 10(11), 1422, 1-14. DOI: 10.3390/met10111422.
  • Pietrowski, S. (2001). "Siluminy". Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej. (in Polish).
  • Orłowicz, A.W., Mróz, M., Tupaj, M., Betlej, J. & Płoszaj, F. (2009). Influence of refining process on the porosity of high pressure die casting alloy Al-Si. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 9(2), 35-40.
  • Samuel, A.M., Samuel, E., Songmene, V. & Samuel, F.H. (2023). A review on porosity formation in aluminum-based alloys. Materials. 16, 2047, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16052047.
  • Bogdanova, T.A., Merkulova, G.A., Gilmanshina, T.R., Kosovich, A.A., Lytkina, S.I., Cheglakov, A.V. & Antonov, M.M. (2021). Comparative evaluation of methods for determination of hydrogen and non-metallic inclusions content in aluminum alloys. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 16(3), 355-360. ISSN (1819-6608).
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

M. Starczewski
1 2
A.J. Dolata
2
M. Dyzia
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. ZŁOTECKI Sp. z o.o., Poland
  2. Silesian University of Technology, Poland
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Abstrakt

The aim of this study was to determine the hardness of vermicular cast iron subjected to austempering, depending on the parameters of the heat treatment process. The heat treatment was conducted based on orthogonal experimental design, with a total of 27 experiments performed. The samples underwent austenitization at temperatures of 890°C, 925°C, and 960°C, followed by austempering at 290°C, 340°C, and 390°C. The austenitization and austempering times were set to 90 min, 120 min, and 150 min. To analyse the influence of these parameters, a full polynomial regression model was developed. The proposed model, which describes the hardness of the cast iron after heat treatment, showed a predicted coefficient of determination (R²) of approximately 78%. For optimization purposes, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed. The results of the ANOVA analysis indicated that the austempering temperature (Tpi), the square of the austenitization time (τγ²), the interaction between austenitization temperature and time (Tγ τγ), as well as the interaction between austenitization and austempering temperatures (Tγ Tpi) had the most significant impact on the examined parameter. Following variance analysis, the model was refined once more to eliminate insignificant predictors. The simplified model improved the predicted coefficient of determination to 93%. The optimal conditions for the analyzed parameters, assuming a maximum hardness of approximately 440 HB, were obtained under the following heat treatment conditions: Tγ = 930°C, Tpi = 290°C, τγ = 150 min, and τpi = 150 min.
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Bibliografia

  • Jakubus, A., Soiński, M.S., Mierzwa, P. & Stradomski, G. (2024). Regression analysis and optimum values of austempering affecting mechanical properties of compacted graphite iron. 17(20), 5024, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17205024.
  • Rodríguez-Rosales, N.A., Montes-González, F.A., Gómez-Casas, O., Gómez-Casas, J., Galindo-Valdés, J.S., Ortiz-Cuellar, J.C., Martínez-Villafañe, J.F., García-Navarro, D. & Muñiz-Valdez, C.R. (2022). Statistical data-driven model for hardness prediction in austempered ductile irons. 12(4), 676, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12040676.
  • Saikaew, C. & Harnsopa, S. (2023). Influence of component proportions in casting process on hardness and the quality of cast iron. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 23(2), 35-42. DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.144293.
  • Fajdek-Bieda, A. (2023). Optimization of the geraniol transformation process in the presence of natural mineral diatomite as a catalyst. 13(4), 777, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040777.
  • Rao, M.S., Khandelwal, H., Kumar, M. & Kumar, A. (2023). Parametric optimization for producing semi-solid A383 alloy using cooling slope casting process. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 23(1), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.24425/afe.2023.144279.
  • Perec, A., Radomska-Zalas, A., Fajdek-Bieda, A., Kawecka, E. (2022). Efficiency of tool steel cutting by water jet with recycled abrasive materials. Materials. 15(11), 3978, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15113978.
  • Abdulamer, D., Muhsan, A.A. & Hamdi, S.S. (2024). Utilizing taguchi method and regression analysis for optimizing sand mould flowability. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 24(3), 5-9. https://doi.org/10.24425/afe.2024.151284.
  • Soiński, M.S., Jakubus, A., Borowiecki, B., Mierzwa, P. (2021). Initial assessment of graphite precipitates in vermicular cast iron in the as-cast state and after thermal treatments. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 21(4), 131-136. https://doi.org/24425/afe.2021.139762.
  • Mierzwa, P. (2010). The effect of thermal treatment on the selected properties of cast iron with vermicular graphite. Doctoral thesis, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland.
  • Jakubus, A. (2022). Initial analysis of the surface layer of AVGI cast iron subject to abrasion. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 22(2), 50-56. https://doi.org/10.24425/afe.2022.140224.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

A. Jakubus
1
ORCID: ORCID
M.S. Soiński
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Mierzwa
2

  1. Jakub from Paradyz Academy in Gorzow Wielkopolski, 52 Fryderyk Chopin Street, 66-400 Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
  2. Czestochowa University of Technology
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Abstrakt

The greatest influence on the wear of tool steel has its microstructure, which depends on the chemical composition and heat treatment. The presence of carbides in the alloy matrix is not always desirable and can have an adverse effect on the wear mechanism of this material, resulting in the formation of stresses and even cracks during operation. Therefore, it is necessary to apply heat treatment, which makes the microstructure homogeneous or allows for the precipitation of secondary carbides strengthening the matrix. The main aim of this study is to examine the effect of molybdenum addition on the structure and microhardness of high-manganese cast steel in the as-cast state and after heat treatment. The as-cast microstructure consists of a high-manganese austenitic matrix with molybdenum carbides and alloy ledeburite distributed at grain boundaries. As a result of solution heat treatment, only the alloy ledeburite is dissolved. The result of aging is not the precipitation of secondary molybdenum carbides but of alloy cementite. Raising the temperature or extending the time of solution heat treatment changes the hardness of austenite to a very small degree only, and the decrease in hardness becomes less significant with the increasing addition of molybdenum. Extending the tempering time has a similar effect, and changes in the hardness decrease are less pronounced.
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Bibliografia

  • Tęcza, G. & Garbacz Klempka, A. (2016). Microstructure of cast high-manganese steel containing titanium. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 16(4), 163-168. DOI: 1515/afe-2016-0103.
  • Dziubek, M., Rutkowska-Gorczyca, M., Dudziński, W. & Grygier, D. (2022). Investigation into changes of microstructure and abrasive wear resistance occurring in high manganese steel X120Mn12 during isothermal annealing and re-austenitisation process. Materials. 15(7), 2622, 1-16. DOI: 3390/ma15072622.
  • Mohammadnezhad, M., Javaheri, V. & Naseri, M. (2013) Effect of the molybdenum on the microstructural and mechanical properties of hadfield austenitic manganese steel. In the Second International Iranian Metallurgical Engineering and Iranian Fundrymen Scientific Society, 30-31 October 2013 (Vol. 12816, pp. 1-7). Semnan, Iran.
  • Dziubek, M., Rutkowska-Gorczyca, M. & Grygier, D. (2023). The effect of the austenitisation temperature for the two-stage heat treatment of high-manganese steels on its wear resistance under abrasive conditions. Tribologia. 305(3), 19-29. DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.9426.
  • Kalandyk, B., Tęcza, G., Zapała, R. & Sobula, S. (2015). Cast High-Manganese Steel – the Effect of Microstructure on Abrasive Wear Behaviour in Miller Test. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 15(2), 35-38. DOI: 10.1515/afe-2015-0033.
  • Gürol, U. & Can Kurnaz, S. (2020). Effect of carbon and manganese content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high manganese austenitic steel. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy Section B Metallurgy. 56(2), 171-182. DOI: 2298/JMMB191111009G.
  • Fuoco, R., Todorov, D., Cavalcanti, A.H. & Santos, N.L. (2012) Effect of chemical composition on the carbide reprecipitation kinetics of hadfield austenitic manganese steel. Transactions of the American Foundry Society. 120, 507-522.
  • Tęcza, G. & Sobula, S. (2013). Effect of heat treatment on change microstructure of cast high-manganese hadfield steel with elevated chromium content. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 13(3), 67-70.
  • Berkowski, L., Borowski, J. & Rybak, Z. (2009). Strengthening of the steel after heat treating with the matrix of different structure. Journal of Research and Application in Agriculture Engineering. 54(2), 9-15. (in Polish)
  • Olawale, O., Ibitoye, S. & Shittu, M.D. (2013). Workhardening behaviour and microstructural analysis of failed austenitic manganese steel crusher jaws. Materials Research. 16(6), 1274-1281. DOI: 1590/S1516-14392013005000144.
  • Ham, Y.S., Kim, J.T., Kwak, S.Y., Choi, J.K. & Yoon, W.Y. (2010). Critical cooling rate on carbide precipitation during quenching of austenitic manganese steel. China Foundry. 7(2), 178-182.
  • Jabłońska, M., Śmiglewicz, A., Niewielski, G. & Hetmańczyk, M. (2011). Heat treatment of high manganese type X57MnAl27-5 austenitic steel. IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering. 22(1), 012014, 1-6. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/22/1/012014.
  • Tęcza, G. & Zapała, R. (2018). Changes in impact strength and abrasive wear resistance of cast high manganese steel due to the formation of primary titanium carbides. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 18(1), 119-122. DOI: 24425/118823.
  • Tsakiris, V. & Edmonds, D.V. (1999). Martensite and deformation twinning in austenitic steels. Materials Science and Engineering. 273-275, 430-436. DOI: 10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00322-6.
  • Karaman, I., Sehitoglu, H., Gall, K., Chumlyakov, Y.I. & Maier, H.J. (2000). Deformation of single crystal Hadfield steel by twinning and slip. Acta Materialia. 48(6), 1345-1359. DOI: 1016/S1359-6454(99)00383-3.
  • Bańkowski, D., Młynarczyk, P. S., Depczyński, W. & Bolanowski, K. C. (2024). The effect of work hardening on the structure and hardness of hadfield steel. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 24(1), 14-20. DOI: 24425/afe.2024.149246.
  • Stradomski, Z. (2010). Microstructure in wear issues of wear-resistant steels. Częstochowa: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej. (in Polish).
  • Tęcza, G. & Głownia, J. (2015). Resistance to abrasive wear and volume fraction of carbides in cast high-manganese austenitic steel with composite structure. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 15(4), 129-133. DOI: 10.1515/afe-2015-0092.
  • Maouche, H., Hadji, A. & Bouhamla, K. (2016). Effect of inoculation by molybdenum and nickel on hardening phenomenon and wear behavior of high manganese steel. Metallurgical and Mining Industry. 3, 75-82.
  • Tęcza, G. (2022). Changes in microstructure and abrasion resistance during miller test of hadfield high-manganese cast steel after the formation of vanadium carbides in alloy matrix. 15(3), 1021, 1-11. DOI: 10.3390/ma15031021.
  • Tęcza, G. (2021). Changes in abrasive wear resistance during miller test of high-manganese cast steel with niobium carbides formed in the alloy matrix. Applied Sciences. 11(11), 4794, 1-10. DOI: 10.3390/app11114794.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

G. Tęcza
1
N. Mordyl
1
K. Bracka-Kęsek
1

  1. AGH University of Krakow, Poland
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Abstrakt

Investment casting relies on a high-quality ceramic shell for successful production. However, shell-making suffers from a high rejection rate (around 35%) and consumes a significant portion of the total energy used in the process (nearly one-third). This inefficiency is often linked to issues with the ceramic slurry, particularly the growth of microorganisms within the mixture. This study investigates the impact of microbial presence on the quality and performance of ceramic slurry used in investment casting. The typical slurry composition involves a mixture of finely-ground (300-400 mesh) zircon flour (typically 75%) as the primary refractory material and hydrolysed ethyl silicate or colloidal silica (typically 25%) acting as a binder. Maintaining precise slurry properties, including viscosity, pH, and specific gravity, is very crucial for appropriate shell formation. However, microbial growth within the slurry can disrupt these properties, adversely affect factors including life of slurry and cold strength of the resulting mould. Present work provides better insight on presence as well as identification of various microorganisms in ceramic slurry used in investment casting process as well as secondary metabolites to control growth of those microorganisms observed in ceramic slurry. Various secondary metabolites have been tested to control the growth. It was observed that Enterococcus hirae has shown promising results to control overall growth of microorganism, and can further be explored for development of antibiotics for industrial purpose.
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Bibliografia

  • Nikunj, M. & Sata, A. (2023). Systematic development of cumulative complexity index for investment casting. Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems. 22(02), 323-338. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219686723500166.
  • Nikunj, M. & Sata, M. (2023). Development of a novel complexity index for investment casting. International Journal of Metalcasting. 18, 2165-2180. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-023-01151-1.
  • Chirag, M. (2011). Thermo-physical properties measurement and steel-ceramic shell interactions in investment casting. Master’s Thesis, Missouri University of Science and Technology.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

D. Vaitha
1
A. Sata
1
ORCID: ORCID
G. Sanghvi
1

  1. Marwadi University, India
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Abstrakt

The paper presents the results of scratch tests on the connection of the Al2O3+40%TiO2 coating with the AZ91 alloy casting. The Al2O3+40%TiO2 coating was applied to the AZ91 alloy casting using the APS (Atmospheric Plasma Spraying) method. Microstructure studies and chemical composition analysis of the substrate material and the Al2O3+40%TiO2 coating were conducted. The analysis of the coating to substrate connection was based on microstructure examinations before and after the scratch test. The scratch was made in the direction from the substrate to the coating. In the scratch test, the depth and width of the scratch were determined. Based on the conducted research, it was found that the Al2O3+40%TiO2 coating has a very good quality connection with the AZ91 alloy substrate. The obtained lower values of the geometric parameters of the scratch (width and depth) for the Al2O3+40%TiO2 coating, compared to the AZ91 alloy substrate, indicate the potential use of the Al2O3+40%TiO2 coating to improve the scratch resistance of elements and machine parts made of the AZ91 alloy. The effect of the indenter's intervention during scratching is the degradation of the microstructure of the AZ91 alloy and the Al2O3+40%TiO2 coating. In this process, cracking plays the main role. In the case of the Al2O3+40%TiO2 coating, the effect of the indenter's action is a network of microcracks, while in the microstructure of the AZ91 alloy, cracks appeared in large precipitates of the γ-Mg17(Al, Zn)12 phase.
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Bibliografia

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

S. Olszewska
1
M. Mróz
1

  1. Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland

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Recenzenci

List of Reviewers 2022

Shailee Acharya - S. V. I. T Vasad, India
Vivek Ayar - Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya Vallabh Vidyanagar, India
Mohammad Azadi - Semnan University, Iran
Azwinur Azwinur - Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe, Indonesia
Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Bartocha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Iwona Bednarczyk - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków
Poland Łukasz Bohdal - Koszalin University of Technology, Koszalin Poland
Danka Bolibruchova - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Joanna Borowiecka-Jamrozek- The Kielce University of Technology, Poland
Debashish Bose - Metso Outotec India Private Limited, Vadodara, India
Andriy Burbelko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków
Poland Ganesh Chate - KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, India
Murat Çolak - Bayburt University, Turkey
Adam Cwudziński - Politechnika Częstochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Derya Dispinar- Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Tomasz Dyl - Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Flora Faleschini - University of Padova, Italy
Imre Felde - Obuda University, Hungary
Róbert Findorák - Technical University of Košice, Slovak Republic
Aldona Garbacz-Klempka - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Katarzyna Gawdzińska - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Marek Góral - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Barbara Grzegorczyk - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Ozen Gursoy - University of Padova, Italy
Gábor Gyarmati - University of Miskolc, Hungary
Jakub Hajkowski - Poznan University of Technology, Poland
Marek Hawryluk - Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Poland
Aleš Herman - Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Hosadyna-Kondracka - Łukasiewicz Research Network - Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Dario Iljkić - University of Rijeka, Croatia
Magdalena Jabłońska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Nalepa Jakub - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Aneta Jakubus - Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, Poland
Łukasz Jamrozowicz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Krzysztof Janerka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karolina Kaczmarska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Justyna Kasinska - Kielce University Technology, Poland
Magdalena Kawalec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Gholamreza Khalaj - Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Iran
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice Poland
Vitaliy Korendiy - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Malgorzata Lagiewka - Politechnika Czestochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Janusz Lelito - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jingkun Li - University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
Petr Lichy - Technical University Ostrava, Czech Republic
Y.C. Lin - Central South University, China
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ewa Majchrzak - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Barnali Maji - NIT-Durgapur: National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India
Pawel Malinowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Matejka - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Bohdan Mochnacki - Technical University of Occupational Safety Management, Katowice, Poland
Grzegorz Moskal - Silesian University of Technology, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Krzysztof Naplocha - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Daniel Nowak - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Tomáš Obzina - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Peiman Omranian Mohammadi - Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
Zenon Opiekun - Politechnika Rzeszowska, Rzeszów, Poland
Onur Özbek - Duzce University, Turkey
Richard Pastirčák - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
Miroslawa Pawlyta - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jacek Pezda - ATH Bielsko-Biała, Poland
Bogdan Piekarski - Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny, Szczecin, Poland
Jacek Pieprzyca - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Bogusław Pisarek - Politechnika Łódzka, Poland
Marcela Pokusová - Slovak Technical University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
Hartmut Polzin - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Cezary Rapiejko - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Arron Rimmer - ADI Treatments, Doranda Way, West Bromwich, West Midlands, United Kingdom
Jaromír Roučka - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Charnnarong Saikaew - Khon Kaen University Thailand Amit Sata - MEFGI, Faculty of Engineering, India
Mariola Saternus - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Vasudev Shinde - DKTE' s Textile and Engineering India Robert Sika - Politechnika Poznańska, Poznań, Poland
Bozo Smoljan - University North Croatia, Croatia
Leszek Sowa - Politechnika Częstochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Sławomir Spadło - Kielce University of Technology, Poland
Mateusz Stachowicz - Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Marcin Stawarz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Stradomski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Roland Suba - Schaeffler Skalica, spol. s r.o., Slovak Republic
Maciej Sułowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jan Szajnar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Michal Szucki - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Tomasz Szymczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Damian Słota - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Tęcza - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Tkocz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Trytek - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Mirosław Tupaj - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Robert B Tuttle - Western Michigan University United States Seyed Ebrahim Vahdat - Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
Iveta Vaskova - Technical University of Kosice, Slovak Republic
Dorota Wilk-Kołodziejczyk - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ryszard Władysiak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Çağlar Yüksel - Atatürk University, Turkey
Renata Zapała - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jerzy Zych - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andrzej Zyska - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland



List of Reviewers 2021

Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Imam Basori - State University of Jakarta, Indonesia
Leszek Blacha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice
Poland Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Danka Bolibruchova - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Pedro Brito - Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Marek Bruna - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Marcin Brzeziński - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andriy Burbelko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Alexandros Charitos - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Ganesh Chate - KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, India
L.Q. Chen - Northeastern University, China
Zhipei Chen - University of Technology, Netherlands
Józef Dańko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Brij Dhindaw - Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India
Derya Dispinar - Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Agnieszka Dulska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Przemysław Fima - Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science PAN, Kraków, Poland
Aldona Garbacz-Klempka - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Dipak Ghosh - Forace Polymers P Ltd., India
Beata Grabowska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Adam Grajcar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Gábor Gyarmati - Foundry Institute, University of Miskolc, Hungary
Krzysztof Herbuś - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Aleš Herman - Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Hosadyna-Kondracka - Łukasiewicz Research Network - Krakow Institute of Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Krzysztof Janerka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert Jasionowski - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Agata Jażdżewska - Gdansk University of Technology, Poland
Jan Jezierski - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karolina Kaczmarska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Centre of Casting Technology, Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Adrian Kampa - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Wojciech Kapturkiewicz- AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tatiana Karkoszka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Gholamreza Khalaj - Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Iran
Himanshu Khandelwal - National Institute of Foundry & Forging Technology, Hatia, Ranchi, India
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Grzegorz Kokot - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ladislav Kolařík - CTU in Prague, Czech Republic
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Kopyciński - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Janusz Kozana - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tomasz Kozieł - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice Poland
Halina Krawiec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Wacław Kuś - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jacques Lacaze - University of Toulouse, France
Avinash Lakshmikanthan - Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, India
Jaime Lazaro-Nebreda - Brunel Centre for Advanced Solidification Technology, Brunel University London, United Kingdom
Janusz Lelito - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tomasz Lipiński - University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Maria Maj - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jerzy Mendakiewicz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Hanna Myalska-Głowacka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - Physics-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Daniel Nowak - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Mitsuhiro Okayasu - Okayama University, Japan
Agung Pambudi - Sebelas Maret University in Indonesia, Indonesia
Richard Pastirčák - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
Bogdan Piekarski - Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny, Szczecin, Poland
Bogusław Pisarek - Politechnika Łódzka, Poland
Seyda Polat - Kocaeli University, Turkey
Hartmut Polzin - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Alena Pribulova - Technical University of Košice, Slovak Republic
Cezary Rapiejko - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Arron Rimmer - ADI Treatments, Doranda Way, West Bromwich West Midlands, United Kingdom
Iulian Riposan - Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania
Ferdynand Romankiewicz - Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Zielona Góra, Poland
Mario Rosso - Politecnico di Torino, Italy
Jaromír Roučka - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Charnnarong Saikaew - Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Mariola Saternus - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karthik Shankar - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , Amritapuri, India
Vasudev Shinde - Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Rajwada, Ichalkaranji, India
Robert Sika - Politechnika Poznańska, Poznań, Poland
Jerzy Sobczak - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sebastian Sobula - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Soiński - Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, Poland
Mateusz Stachowicz - Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Marcin Stawarz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Studnicki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Mayur Sutaria - Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Gujarat, India
Maciej Sułowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sutiyoko Sutiyoko - Manufacturing Polytechnic of Ceper, Klaten, Indonesia
Tomasz Szymczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Marek Tkocz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Trytek - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Jacek Trzaska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert B Tuttle - Western Michigan University, United States
Muhammet Uludag - Selcuk University, Turkey
Seyed Ebrahim Vahdat - Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
Tomasz Wrobel - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ryszard Władysiak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Antonin Zadera - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Renata Zapała - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Bo Zhang - Hunan University of Technology, China
Xiang Zhang - Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
Eugeniusz Ziółkowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sylwia Żymankowska-Kumon - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andrzej Zyska - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland



List of Reviewers 2020

Shailee Acharya - S. V. I. T Vasad, India
Mohammad Azadi - Semnan University, Iran
Rafał Babilas - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Bartocha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Emin Bayraktar - Supmeca/LISMMA-Paris, France
Jaroslav Beňo - VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Grzegorz Boczkal - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Wojciech Borek - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Pedro Brito - Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Marek Bruna - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
John Campbell - University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
Ganesh Chate - Gogte Institute of Technology, India
L.Q. Chen - Northeastern University, China
Mirosław Cholewa - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Khanh Dang - Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam
Vladislav Deev - Wuhan Textile University, China
Brij Dhindaw - Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India
Derya Dispinar - Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Malwina Dojka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Agnieszka Dulska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Tomasz Dyl - Gdynia Maritime University, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Katarzyna Gawdzińska - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Sergii Gerasin - Pryazovskyi State Technical University, Ukraine
Dipak Ghosh - Forace Polymers Ltd, India
Marcin Górny - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marcin Gołąbczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Beata Grabowska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Adam Grajcar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Libor Hlavac - VSB Ostrava, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Philippe Jacquet - ECAM, Lyon, France
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Damian Janicki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Witold Janik - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert Jasionowski - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Jan Jezierski - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Justyna Kasinska - Kielce University Technology, Poland
Magdalena Kawalec - Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza, Kraków, Poland
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ladislav Kolařík -Institute of Engineering Technology CTU in Prague, Czech Republic
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Sergey Konovalov - Samara National Research University, Russia
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Janusz Krawczyk - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Halina Krawiec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Agnieszka Kupiec-Sobczak - Cracow University of Technology, Poland
Tomasz Lipiński - University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Aleksander Lisiecki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Krzysztof Lukaszkowicz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Katarzyna Major-Gabryś - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Pavlo Maruschak - Ternopil Ivan Pului National Technical University, Ukraine
Sanjay Mohan - Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, India
Marek Mróz - Politechnika Rzeszowska, Rzeszów, Poland
Sebastian Mróz - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Częstochowa, Poland
Konstantin Nikitin - Samara State Technical University, Russia
Daniel Pakuła - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland


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