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Archives of Civil Engineering

Archives of Civil Engineering

Opis
Archives of Civil Engineering, quarterly journal of the Polish Academy of Sciences (“Committee for Civil and Water Engineering”) and Warsaw University of Technology (“Faculty of Civil Engineering) publish, exclusively in English, original scientific articles of the theoretical, experimental, numerical and practical nature. These can be research and review papers as well as case studies from all branches of Civil Engineering.

The main fields of our interest are related to: structural mechanics, soil mechanics, foundations, brick, concrete, timber, steel, glass and composites polymer structures, hydro-technical objects, bridges, rail and road structures, building physics, construction management, building materials, transportation, land surveying, building services and education of civil engineers.

With long history, dated to 1954, the periodical is available both in electronic and traditional version. The maximum number of papers per volume is 40. We proudly obtained the score of 100 points from the Ministry of Science and Academic Education.


IMPACT FACTOR 2023: 1.1

CiteScore metrics from Scopus, CiteScore 2023: 1.5
SCImago Journal Rank ( SJR) 2023: 0.273
Source Normalized Impact per Paper ( SNIP) 2023: 0.511


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ISSN
ISSN 1230-2945
Wydawcy
WARSAW UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING and COMMITTEE FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Editor-in-Chief
Henryk Zobel ORCID logo0000-0002-4227-0506, Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, The Institute of Roads and Bridges, Warsaw


Deputy/Managing Editors:

Dorota Walesiak

Ludomir Szubert


Scientific Advisory Committee 2024-2027:

Ivan Banović, University of Split, Croatia

Ewa Błazik-Borowa, Lublin University of Technology, Poland

Lidia Buda-Ożóg, Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland

Luc Courard, University of Liège, Belgium

Lech Czarnecki, Building Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland

Łukasz Drobiec,  Silesian University of Technology, Poland

Christopher D. Eamon, Wayne State University, USA

Paweł Falaciński, Warsaw University of Technology,

Mariaenrica Frigione, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy

Kazimierz Furtak, Cracow University of Technology, Poland

Andrzej Garbacz, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

Marian Giżejowski, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

Tomasz Godlewski, Building Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland

Izabela Hager, Cracow University of Technology, Poland

Anna Halicka, Lublin University of Technology, Poland

Liang He, Chongqing Jiaotong University, China

Maria Kaszyńska, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland

Zbigniew Kledyński, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland,

Jana Korytarova, Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic

Aleksander Kozłowski, Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland

Marian Kwietniewski, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

Zbigniew Lechowicz, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland

Alemu M. Lesege, University of Delaware, USA

Lech Lichołai, Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland

Jacek Mąkinia, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland

Monika Mitew-Czajewska, Politechnika Warszawska, Poland

Pilate Moyo, University of Cape Town, South Africa

Hani Nassif, The State University of New Jersey, USA  

Marina Nikolić, University of Split, Croatia GEOTECHNIKA, SEISMIKA

Tomasz Mróz, Poznan University of Technology, Poland

Andrzej S. Nowak, University of Auburn, Alabama, USA

Daniele Peila, Polytechnic University of Turin, Italy

Elżbieta Radziszewska – Zielina, Cracow University of Technology, Poland

Diogo Ribeiro, Polytechnic of Porto/School of Engineering, Portugal

 Laurence R. Rilett, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Auburn University, USA

Camilla Ronchei, Universita di Parma, Italy

Łukasz Sadowski, Politechnika Wrocławska, Poland

Antonella Sarcinella, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy

Gili Lifshitz Sherzer, Ariel University, Israel

Anna Siemińska-Lewandowska, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

Tomasz Siwowski, Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland

Anna Sobotka, AGH University of Science and Technology, Poland

Edward Szczechowiak, Poznan University of Technology, Poland

Elżbieta Szmigiera, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

Antoni Szydło, Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland

Andrzej Truty, Cracow University of Technology, Poland

Carmine Todaro,  Polytechnic University of Turin, Italy

Milan Veljkovic, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

Krzysztof Wilde, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland

Adam Wysokowski, University of Zielona Gora, Poland

Piotr Woyciechowski, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

Katarzyna Zabielska -Adamska, Bialystok University of Technology, Poland

Politechnika Warszawska

Wydział Inżynierii Lądowej

Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warszawa, Polska

Pokój 618; Telefon 22 234 62 84

e-mail: ace.editor@pw.edu.pl

website: http://ace.il.pw.edu.pl

 

 

 

Archives of Civil Engineering is an open access journal with all content available with no charge in full text version.

The journal content is available under the licencse CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.
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Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2

1 The optimization model of building construction based on BIM and improved NSGA-III algorithm
Meng Wang
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 5-18 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154104
Słowa kluczowe: BIM NSGA subway buildings multi-objective optimization pareto solution construction period cost
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Abstrakt

Currently, there are difficulties in dealing with higher construction requirements and standards in subway construction management. Therefore, a multi-objective optimization model was constructed based on building information management technology, and an improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III was introduced to optimize the model solution. And experimental verification was conducted. These experiments confirmed that the average HV of the improved algorithm was 0.67, which was higher than the original algorithm’s 0.65, indicating that it had higher convergence and reliability. The solution results of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II showed that the optimized cost was 185.1899 million yuan. The cost of optimizing the original non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III was 184.6469 million yuan. The total cost of optimizing the research algorithm was 184.1165 million yuan. In addition, the research algorithm had the shortest construction period, ideal cost, and significantly higher quality and safety levels than the comparison algorithms. And its time consumption was only 20 seconds, significantly lower than the comparison algorithms. And its cost was between 183 million to 187.5 million yuan, with higher stability and relatively concentrated distribution of solutions. Overall, the subway construction optimization model based on building information management and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III has high effectiveness and can be effectively applied in practical construction management.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Meng Wang
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. China, School of Construction Management, Chongqing Metropolitan College of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 402160, China
2 The use of bottom and a mixture of bottom and fly ash from wood-sunflower biomass combustion in concrete production
Jakub Jura , Małgorzata Ulewicz
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 19-35 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154105
Słowa kluczowe: bottom ash concrete fly ash waste materials
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Abstrakt

As part of the research, concrete mixes containing the addition of bottom ash as well as bottom and fly ash mixtures from the combustion of biomass only were made. The ashes were obtained from the combustion of 80% of wood and 20% of sunflower in a fluidized bed boiler. In the study, the elemental composition of ashes was determined by testing with an XRF X-ray spectrometer. Ashes in the amount of 10, 20 and 30% of the cement mass were used as a substitute for sand for testing concrete samples. During the preparation of concrete mixes, tests of consistency and air content in the mixes were carried out. Concrete samples were tested in terms of e.g. compressive strength, water absorption or frost resistance. The compressive strength of the samples with the addition of bottom ash was lower than the strength of the control samples. The use of a mixture of ashes allowed to improve this property and each of the samples obtained a higher compressive strength than samples without the addition of ash. The addition of ashes significantly improves the frost resistance of concrete, i.e. reduces the decrease in the compressive strength of concrete after frost resistance tests. The absorbability of the samples, regardless of the amount and type of added ash, changed slightly in relation to the control samples.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Jakub Jura
1
ORCID: ORCID
Małgorzata Ulewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ul. Dąbrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
3 Integrating surveying, photogrammetric, and remote sensing data to generate large-scale maps
Przemysław Klapa , Pelagia Gawronek , Tadeusz Gargula , Agnieszka Sokołowska , Kamil Sajdak
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 37-50 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154106
Słowa kluczowe: geodesy cartography master map geospatial data TLS integrated surveying
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Abstrakt

Integration means the combination of smaller elements into a coherent system that can function as a whole. In civil engineering, integration combines data from different sources to yield complete information about an object. Data synergy significantly helps consolidate all types of data while considering their content, quantity, and diversity of formats. It involves the removal of inconsistencies and redundant pieces of information from acquired data, resulting in a consistent image (dataset). A combination of survey data, maps, photogrammetry, and remote sensing gives a 3D spatial database. A holistic approach to object data acquisition with diverse methods, techniques, and measuring tools facilitates high-quality measurement results. Information acquired this way, supplemented with spatial data from official (state-controlled) surveying and cartographic resources, paves the way for generating large-scale maps, including the master map, in line with applicable legal and technical requirements. The paper describes the process of acquiring, processing, and integrating geospatial data of a specific structure and its surroundings, using point clouds from terrestrial laser scanning, an orthophoto, databases from the State Surveying and Cartographic Inventory, and classical tacheometric surveys and GNSS-RTK surveys.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Przemysław Klapa
1
ORCID: ORCID
Pelagia Gawronek
2
ORCID: ORCID
Tadeusz Gargula
1
ORCID: ORCID
Agnieszka Sokołowska
3
Kamil Sajdak
3
  1. University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Geodesy, ul. Balicka 253a, 30-198 Kraków, Poland
  2. University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Geodesy ul. Balicka 253a, 30-198 Kraków, Poland
  3. University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, ul. Balicka 253a,30-198 Kraków, Poland
4 Indoor air quality in the primary school classroom in Poland, case study
Katarzyna Nowak-Dzieszko , Jarosław Müller
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 51-65 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154107
Słowa kluczowe: CO2 indoor air quality natural ventilation school
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Abstrakt

Children spend on average 7–10 hours per weekday at school, that’s why the indoor air quality in the classrooms plays a key role in the assessment of the effects of their personal exposure to the air quality. Many scientific articles indicate the substantial influence of carbon dioxide (CO2º levels and overall air quality within educational environments on the well-being and cognitive performance of children. This article presents the case study of the classroom in the primary school in Cracow with very unfavourable indoor air quality caused by the usage pattern. In the classroom, there is a natural ventilation system, still the most common in the Polish existing buildings. The very high level of CO2 exceeding the standard requirements connected with low ventilation efficiency effects in harmful indoor conditions. Based on the measurements conducted in the classroom during the lessons with the users in and taking into account formal requirements authors assessed the quality of indoor air. The main reason for those unfavourable conditions is an inefficient natural ventilation system. This paper is also supposed to answer the question of whether temporary opening windows can assure proper concentration of CO2 in a standard classroom and, if not, what would be the optimal ventilation rate. In the next step, this optimal minimum required ventilation rate for the classroom was calculated. It could be used as a design assumption in the selection of a ventilation system.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Katarzyna Nowak-Dzieszko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jarosław Müller
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
  2. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
5 An approach to transport infrastructure design using a two-step method based on modified ant colony optimization
Mariusz Korzeń , Maciej Kruszyna
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 67-82 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154108
Słowa kluczowe: modified ant colony optimization public transportation railway tunnel transport infrastructure two-step evaluation
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Abstrakt

The main purpose of the paper is to develop a tool to effectively support the transport infrastructure planning process. The novel method is based on modified ant colony optimization and is used for evaluating new infrastructure sections in the public transport. The section could contain a single route as well as a combination of two or more routes. The authors propose a two-step evaluation. Step one uses a modified ant colony optimization to evaluate a single underground route. As a result, for each route, the effort that artificial ants have to cover the routes is obtained. Such effort is calculated considering the distance, total length, number of inhabitants, and areas with access to the rail network. In step two, the proposed routes are combined to create variants. The evaluation of combining routes use additional parameters like crossing time or travel time in alternative means. The case study located in one of the biggest agglomerations in Poland shows the method’s utility in the evaluation of options for a railway tunnel. The analyses show that all criteria have an influence on the results and that the new, two steps method gives an intriguing effect. The presented methodology contains novel elements and their implementation to specific transport infrastructure elements. The results are contrasted with an algorithm based on multi-criteria analysis, which showed the greater complexity of the proposed approach.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Mariusz Korzeń
1
ORCID: ORCID
Maciej Kruszyna
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ul. Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
6 Selected problems of design and construction of the 19th century railway bridges by example of Ivangorod–Dąbrowa Railway
Wiktor Wściślik , Maciej K. Cichoń
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 83-98 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154109
Słowa kluczowe: 19th century bridge railway steel structure structural design viaduct
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Abstrakt

The present paper discusses selected issues related to the design, construction and operation of 19th century railway bridges in the Kingdom of Poland. Individual problems are discussed on the example of the Ivangorod–D˛abrowa Railway (IDR). The route as a whole is characterized, along with a discussion of statistical data regarding the bridges located along the line in question. The competences of private and then state institutions in the field of railway construction are discussed synthetically, taking into account the impact of military issues on the design of railway routes and bridges in the country. The legal regulations that standarized the issues of design, construction and operation of railway bridges at that time, both technical and formal are characterized. The basic principles of hydrological calculations used to determine the clear areas of bridges and culverts of the railway are presented. A separate chapter is devoted to selected issues of structural design, with particular emphasis on the service load calculation (rolling stock and wind). The changes in legal regulations introduced during the construction of the IDR and in the preceding years are presented. Technical specifications and construction requirements for spans and supports are described. Selected types of unified bridges as well as individually developed designs of structures on the Vistula and Pilica rivers are presented. The then requirements related to proof tests and ongoing maintenance of railway bridges are also discussed.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Wiktor Wściślik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Maciej K. Cichoń
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Kielce University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland
  2. Jan Kochanowski University, Stefan Zeromski St. 5, 25-369 Kielce, Poland
7 Digital landscape architecture design using high resolution remote sensing image interpretation
Hang Yin , Lanyu Chang , Guangpeng Yue
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 99-112 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154110
Słowa kluczowe: high-resolution remote sensing digital landscape architecture planning and design foreststand structure
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Abstrakt

With the continuous development of remote sensing technology and the widespread application of high-resolution remote sensing images, digital landscape design based on high-resolution remote sensing image interpretation is gradually becoming a new design concept and method. This study is based on high-resolution remote sensing images to classify gardens, and combined with ground survey data, statistical analysis software is used to invert the landscape elements of gardens. The experimental results showed that the R2 value was relatively large, while the MRE and RMSE values were small, indicating that the analysis results were close to the true values and the fitting effect was relatively ideal. The overall image segmentation was excellent, with an average diameter at breast height of 8.0–17.0 cm, mixing degree of 0.4–0.6, vertical diversity of 0.5–0.8, and a clear forest hierarchy when the average density was between 800–1100 plants/hm2. This indicates that the quality of landscape architecture designed at this landscape scale changes significantly and the effect is good. Digital landscape design based on high-resolution remote sensing image interpretation can not only improve design efficiency and accuracy, but also provide strong support for the sustainable development of urban planning and landscape design.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Hang Yin
1
ORCID: ORCID
Lanyu Chang
2
ORCID: ORCID
Guangpeng Yue
3
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Luxun Academy of Fine Arts, College of Architectural Art Design, 110000 Shenyang, China
  2. Luxun Academy of Fine Arts, Experimental Art Department, 110000 Shenyang, China
  3. Luxun Academy of Fine Arts, College of Industrial Design, 110000 Shenyang, China
8 2D affine transform parameters by Gaussian elimination with pivoting
Tariq N. Ataiwe , Israa Hatem , Hisham M. Jawad Al Sharaa
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 113-127 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154111
Słowa kluczowe: 0000-0002-2D affine Gaussian photogrammetry pivoting transform1026-8866
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Abstrakt

In many geomatics, computer vision, and computer-aided applications, coordinate transformations are needed to transform from one coordinate system to another, especially in geodesy and photogrammetry. In photogrammetry one of the important coordinates transformation methods used to transform photo coordinates is the 2D affine transformation which takes into consideration the change in the differences in scale factor in the x and y directions. In this paper, a new method for computing the 2D affine transform parameters will be introduced, the problem of the 2D affine transform method has been solved by Gaussian elimination with pivoting.We have derived equations by which to find transformation parameters. Geometric transformation is a technique used to define the properties of common features between different images using the same coordinates basis, This method can be effectively used in image processing and computer vision to facilitate the computation process throughout eliminating the need for solving the inverse of the matrix.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Tariq N. Ataiwe
1
ORCID: ORCID
Israa Hatem
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hisham M. Jawad Al Sharaa
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. University of Technology-Iraq, Civil Engineering Department, Baghdad, Iraq
9 Improved SOM algorithm for damage characterization based on visual sensing
Hongtao Zhu , Shuyun Guo
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 129-142 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154112
Słowa kluczowe: computer vision damage detection self-organizing map algorithm attention mechanism
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Abstrakt

In the field of concrete structure health monitoring, accurately and swiftly identifying damage characteristics stands as a pivotal task. To enhance the accuracy and efficiency of concrete damage identification, this research proposes an improved Self-Organizing Map algorithm based on visual sensing. By optimizing feature extraction and representation methods, introducing novel learning strategies, and incorporating spatial attention mechanisms, the model becomes adept at capturing and identifying concrete damage features more effectively. Additionally, employing stochastic gradient descent as an optimization algorithm enhances the model training efficiency. Experimental results showcase that the model exhibits a detection time of merely 0.8 seconds, while demonstrating outstanding fitting and clustering performance, achieving an actual accuracy of 98.2%. Compared to methods based on digital image monitoring and deep learning detection, it shows an improvement of 12.7% and 31.8%, respectively. The proposed enhanced model significantly augments the accuracy and efficiency of concrete damage identification, providing an effective solution for the health monitoring of concrete structures, particularly in scenarios requiring large-scale and real-time monitoring. This advancement elevates the practicality and convenience of concrete damage detection, propelling progress in the field of building safety.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Hongtao Zhu
1
ORCID: ORCID
Shuyun Guo
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. School of Civil Engineering, Xinyang College, Xinyang, 464000, China
  2. School of Foreign Languages, Gushi Vocational Education Center, Xinyang, 464000, China
10 PCM enhanced concrete panels allow to reduce overheating in lightweight buildings
Tomasz Kisilewicz , Anna Zastawna-Rumin , Katarzyna Nowak , Andal Lakshumiah , Annie Sweetlin Jebarani
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 143-157 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154113
Słowa kluczowe: space overheating thermal capacity phase change PCM oversized glazing area
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Abstrakt

The article presents the results of research on the thermal and mechanical properties of concrete slabs with pumice aggregate soaked with dodecanol (duodecyl alcohol), i.e. an organic material that changes its phase at a temperature +24oC. It is possible to implement this type of integration of phase-change material with a typical building material in any precast concrete plant without additional expenditure on equipment and without technically difficult vacuum impregnation. The use of concrete panels with a 4% mass content of PCM as the internal cladding of building components allows for a significant change in the internal heat capacity of the building and, consequently, a change in the thermal properties of the buildings. In a very simple modeled object with a light wooden structure, intensively cooled during the night, the influence of the type of internal cladding on the internal thermal comfort in the summer was analyzed. It has been shown that the cladding in the form of a concrete PCM panels with a thickness of 3.5 cm, compared to a standard gypsum board, effectively limits the temperature increase and significantly shortens the duration of discomfort conditions. The maximum daily fluctuation of operative temperature during summer, which was approximately 15 K in a lightweight building, has been limited to approximately 8 K thanks to PCM concrete panels. The difference in the average values for the entire simulation period, equal to 1.76 K, does not fully illustrate the improvement of thermal conditions during periods of high heat load. Reduction of the plate thickness to 2 cm only slightly worsened the conditions in the analyzed facility and can be treated as a reasonable compromise solution for lightweight construction technologies. In the case of an unreasonably large window area, regardless of the actual space thermal capacity, it is not possible to obtain the acceptable conditions inside only by means of the passive methods.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Tomasz Kisilewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anna Zastawna-Rumin
2
ORCID: ORCID
Katarzyna Nowak
2
ORCID: ORCID
Andal Lakshumiah
3
ORCID: ORCID
Annie Sweetlin Jebarani
3
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow
  2. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
  3. Department of Civil Engineering, Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Viraganoor, Madurai Tamil Nadu-625 009, India
11 Experimental investigation on thin-walled steel sigma beams restrained with CFRP textiles
Maciej Adam Dybizbański , Katarzyna Rzeszut , Hartmut Pasternak
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 159-175 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154114
Słowa kluczowe: adhesive connection CFRP textiles cold-formed steel open-closed cross-section thinwalled beams
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Abstrakt

Until now, CFRP was used to reinforce steel sections or to extend the service life in the event of fatigue. Now, the aim of the investigations is to find out whether CFRP can be used to convert an open, thin-walled Sigma steel profile into a closed one in certain areas. The tests were carried out on 16 samples, including reference beams (unreinforced) and three different reinforcement solutions as well as two different cross-sections. The experiments included two stages. Both stages used forked supports at each end of the beam, but stage II also blocked the possibility of cross-sectional warping. The laboratory tests used the ARAMIS system and the Artec Leo 3D scanner. The comparative analysis was carried out between vertical and horizontal displacements. In addition, global and local force-displacement diagrams were developed. The proposed reinforcement method can have a significant effect on increasing the load-bearing capacity of thin-walled steel beams with slender cross-sections, which tend to distort in the form of section opening.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Maciej Adam Dybizbański
1
ORCID: ORCID
Katarzyna Rzeszut
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hartmut Pasternak
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, 5 Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie Str, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
  2. Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Institute of Civil and StructuralEngineering, Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
12 The influence of worn and nominal rail profiles on railway vehicle motion and dynamics
Krzysztof Zboiński , Jacek Kukulski , Milena Gołofit-Stawinska , Piotr Woźnica
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 177-192 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154115
Słowa kluczowe: rail profile wear railway vehicle dynamics
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Abstrakt

In this study the rail wear influence on safety of rail vehicle motion is assessed. The profile measurements for the nominal rail head and for the slightly worn and heavily worn rail heads were performed. Then, these measured real values were entered into a computer program designed to study the motion (dynamics) of rail vehicles. The studied model of passenger vehicle moved in simulations along a track consisting of straight and curved sections with transition curve between them at two velocities. After obtaining the simulation results, they were compared for different stages of the rail wear process based on profile measurement results and the suitability of the track was assessed, too. The aim of present paper was to show that extension of the traditional approach with the simulation studies of vehicle motion and dynamics leads to different and much more precise information about the need of the rails replacement. The proposed idea and approach in the current work is original and not used in practice by the track infrastructure operators.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Krzysztof Zboiński
Jacek Kukulski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Milena Gołofit-Stawinska
1
Piotr Woźnica
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Warsaw Universityof Technology, Faculty of Transport, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
13 The impact of leg spacing of telecommunication towers on their bending stiffness, total weight, and dynamic properties
Jacek Szafran , Ewelina Kubacka , Klaudia Juszczyk-Andraszyk
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 193-208 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154116
Słowa kluczowe: dynamic lattice structures stability standards telecommunication tower wind load
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Abstrakt

The paper presents analyses aimed at determining how the spacing between legs of a steel lattice telecommunication tower affects displacements of its top, its natural frequency, and its self-weight. The critical characteristic of the results is that they were obtained for structures optimized with respect to the load-carrying capacity of their individual components. It was assumed that levels of effort should be kept between 85% and 95%. As far as engineering practice is concerned, the key conclusion is that a larger distance between the legs has a positive impact on the self-weight of the structure. It was demonstrated that a larger leg spacing is related to a smaller self-weight of the tower and thus a smaller quantity of material required. The proposed research and calculation method makes it possible to conclude that providing a larger distance between the legs while optimizing structural members with respect to their effort (preferably by means of an automated process) results in both higher bending stiffness and lower structure self-weight required.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Jacek Szafran
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ewelina Kubacka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Klaudia Juszczyk-Andraszyk
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, Al. Politechniki 6, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
  2. Compact-Project Company, Al. Politechniki 22/24, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
14 The influence of the accuracy of reproducing the uniaxial tensile test of mild steel in the H–M plasticity model on the behaviour of a perforated thin walled shell subjected to compression
Andrzej Piotrowski , Marcin Gajewski , Stanisław Jemioło , Cezary Ajdukiewicz
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 209-224 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154117
Słowa kluczowe: elasto-plasticity FEM limit load perforated bars stability thin-walled bars
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Abstrakt

The article describes the impact of modeling the plasticity constitutive relationship on the buckling of a short section of a perforated thin-walled steel bar with an open cross-section (modeled as a perforated shell) subjected to compression, being one of the elements of a high-storage system. Numerical calculations were performed in the ABAQUS/Standard program with application of the elasto-plasticity theory of large deformations with additive decomposition of the logarithmic strain tensor and taking into account the nonlinear isotropic or kinematic strain hardening models. The isotropic nature of the material was considered and the plastic flow law associated with the Huber-Mises plasticity condition was assumed. In the elasticity range, linear characteristics of the material was assumed, while in the plasticity range, the shape of the uniaxial strain hardening curve was described as piecewise linear approximation of plastic strain-stress graphs obtained from uniaxial tensile tests. The 24 sets of material data obtained on the basis of experimental tests were analyzed and the influence of differences in the values of material parameters were described (in tests carried out on samples cut from the modeled bars, large differences were found in the values of material parameters and the shape of uniaxial tension graphs). Also the accuracy of strain hardening modeling (the number of sections assumed in the model piecewise linear) on the calculated bearing capacity force value was considered and evaluated.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Andrzej Piotrowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Gajewski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Stanisław Jemioło
2
ORCID: ORCID
Cezary Ajdukiewicz
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland,
15 Wavelet-based stochastic finite element analysis of steel girders
Marcin Kamiński , Michał Jan Guminiak , Anna Knitter-Piątkowska , Olga Kawa
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 225-242 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154118
Słowa kluczowe: steel girders stochastic finite element method damage detection discrete wavelet transform
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Abstrakt

The paper presents the problem of damage detection in steel girders. Static displacements at the selected point of the structure play the role of measured variables. Structural response signal decomposition is performed according to the Mallat pyramid algorithm, which is used to perform the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). This procedure allows us to quite well determine the location of structural damage. The geometry and the placement of any defective part of the structure may have a random character. It can be assumed that the random processes occurring in the broadly understood structure mechanics are Gaussian in nature. The first four probabilistic moments are estimated using three approaches independent: semi-analytical (SAM), perturbative (SPT), and Monte-Carlo simulations (MCS). The semi-analytical random approach seems to be the most optimal due to the necessary computation time. The incorporation of the mathematical stochastic apparatus into the classical (deterministic) analysis of the statics of the structure makes it possible to estimate the reliability measures of the analyzed girder.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Marcin Kamiński
1
ORCID: ORCID
Michał Jan Guminiak
2
ORCID: ORCID
Anna Knitter-Piątkowska
2
ORCID: ORCID
Olga Kawa
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Lodz University of Technology, Department of Structural Mechanics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architectureand Environmental Engineering, Al. Politechniki 6, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
  2. Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Structural Analysis, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 5, 60-965 Poznan
16 Intelligent building construction site safety inspection model based on YOLOX
Hairong Huang , Lian Yuan , Huiji Wang , Haoran Yuan
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 243-256 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154119
Słowa kluczowe: YOLOX architecture construction security testing MobileNetv3 attention module
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Abstrakt

The construction industry is a high-risk and high accident rate industry, and it is crucial to conduct safety inspections on construction sites. Therefore, the study introduces an improved YOLOX algorithm and performs lightweight processing such as replacing the backbone network and pruning channels. At the same time, the optimized YOLOX algorithm will be applied to the construction of a model for safety detection in intelligent building construction sites. Results showed that the improved model proposed in the study had the best inference speed and average accuracy, with an average accuracy of 95.01%. In the experimental analysis under different detection categories, the model proposed in the study had the highest detection accuracy for whether to wear a safety helmet, with an accuracy rate of 96.39%, which was 10.05% higher than the YOLOX model. At the same time, the accuracy of the model in detecting whether to wear welding masks, masks, and welding gloves was as high as 92.37%, 94.49%, and 94.61%, respectively. In addition, the recall rate of the model proposed by the research institute in helmet wearing detection was as high as 95.48%. The improved model proposed by the research institute has performed well in safety inspection of construction sites, not only possessing high-speed processing capabilities but also high-precision detection performance, providing reliable technical support for real-time monitoring and early warning of intelligent building construction.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Hairong Huang
1
ORCID: ORCID
Lian Yuan
2
ORCID: ORCID
Huiji Wang
3
ORCID: ORCID
Haoran Yuan
4
ORCID: ORCID
  1. School of Architecture and Engineering, Zhejiang Tongji Vocational College of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China,
  2. Engineering Department, Tengda Construction Group Co., Ltd., Taizhou, 318050, China
  3. School of Humanities and Public Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China,
  4. College of Engineering and Architecture, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
17 Analysis of the “Adaptation strategy for sectors and areas vulnerable to climate change to 2020 with an outlook to 2030 (SPA 2020)”
Janusz Sobieraj
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 257-277 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154120
Słowa kluczowe: sustainable development green strategies SPA 2020 RES
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Abstrakt

Poland performs very badly in all kinds of rankings related to environmental protection and usually ranks last compared to other EU countries. Several programmes and strategies are currently being implemented to improve this situation. These include both national and local government documents. The author presents the most important of these and analyses both their provisions and the effectiveness of their implementation. One of the key aspects of adaptation to climate change is Poland’s energy transition from coal-based power generation to renewable energy sources. Unfortunately, over the past few years, legislators and regulators have significantly impeded this process, particularly with regard to photovoltaic energy and wind energy, as well as biogas plants. A significant problem is also the limitation of funding for this transformation, due to the blocking by the EU institutions of the disbursement of funds from the National Reconstruction Programme. Without the unblocking of these funds and the effective implementation of existing programmes and strategies, Poland will remain one of the most polluted EU countries with an archaic energy mix.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Janusz Sobieraj
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland
18 Experimental tests of steel balcony connections – Part 1
Maciej Tomasz Stolarczyk , Paweł Piotrowski , Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 279-293 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154121
Słowa kluczowe: balcony balcony connections experimental tests reinforced concrete structures
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Abstrakt

Paper presents theoretical analysis and results of experimental tests of three prefabricated balcony sets in natural scale with dimensions (width x length x height): 2.0 m x 2.78 m x 0.186 m (in a slope to 0.17 m) and one with dimensions: 2.0 m x 2.78 m x 0.2 m, consists of reinforced concrete slabs connected with each other with steel balcony connections. The impact of variable parameters (elongation of anchorage of balcony connections in ceiling slab, concreting of test elements in two stages, using of muffs as couplers to connect the longitudinal reinforcement bars in balcony sets and different height of the balcony slab) on the load bearing capacity of the elements are analysed. In the paper also the test stand was described. During the experimental tests, the crack morphology was determined, displacements and crack widths were measured. The paper contains a review of the scientific papers in the field of balcony connections.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Maciej Tomasz Stolarczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Piotrowski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
3
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gabriela Narutowicza11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland,
  2. Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk
  3. Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
19 Application of topology optimisation in the strut-and-tie method: a review
Sławomir Dudziak
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 295-311 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154122
Słowa kluczowe: strut-and-tie method reinforced concrete topology optimisation reinforcement layout optimisation
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Abstrakt

The paper delivers an overview of the literature concerning the adaption of Topology Optimisation (TO) to the Strut-and-Tie Method (STM). In the beginning, the foundations and basics of STM are briefly summarised. STM is a practical implementation of the lower bound theory of plasticity for reinforced concrete (RC). It is generally used to design so-called D-regions (i.e. Discontinuity caused by irregular geometry or concentrated load) working under the complex stress state. These regions are modelled with the equivalent truss consisting of struts (representing the flow of compressive forces carried by concrete), ties (representing rebar) and nodes. The STM algorithm’s most demanding part is determining the layout of the truss, which correctly reflects force flow in a specific D-region. During this stage, TO methods can eliminate the designer’s arbitrary decisions. Analysed literature sources are divided into two groups differing in the adopted TO algorithms: the former uses layout optimisation procedures for trusses, whereas the latter uses TO methods for continuum domains. In the first approach, the equivalent truss is obtained explicitly as an outcome of the TO phase. In the second approach, the material continuum material layout is an inspiration for the ST model or is post-processed with image analysis methods and possibly shape optimisation methods to obtain bending-free bar structures. The advantages and limitations of both approaches are put forward in the conclusion section. Further development in this field is very likely, so future prospects are also anticipated.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Sławomir Dudziak
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland
20 Wind load equivalence method and structural response analysis of large-span space steel structures
Yonggang Chen , Jianming Ceng , Zhiming Yu , Yukai Wang , Li Gong , Tengteng Yang
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 313-330 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154123
Słowa kluczowe: large-span spatial structure numerical simulation statical analysis equivalent static wind load
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Abstrakt

In coastal areas, large-span space steel net trusses experience structural deformation due to strong winds. Currently, the application of equivalent static wind load to the structure does not consider the influence of local forces. The local uneven force on the bars caused by the structural appearance is ignored, complicating the identification of local deformation in the net truss. Additionally, this simplification increases the difficulty in evaluating wind load-sensitive areas of the building. This paper introduces a novel method for calculating static equivalent wind load, considering the transmission relationship between the structural roofs appearance and the internal truss forces. Following the outlined methodology, wind load is precisely applied at nodes with diverse windward faces, taking into account the node area ratio. The paper also examines how varying standard wind load values affect mesh truss deformation under different wind angles. Results indicate that, at 0o, 90o, 180o, and 270o wind directions, wind load-sensitive areas are linked to roof shape and structural characteristics. Maximum displacement in the truss grid’s overall structure primarily occurs in the windward corner contact area. Network truss deformation linearly increases with the load standard. If the wind load exceeds 1.0 kN/m2, deformation is associated with the windward vertical plane’s area and steel column spacing, impacting overall structural safety.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Yonggang Chen
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jianming Ceng
2
ORCID: ORCID
Zhiming Yu
3
ORCID: ORCID
Yukai Wang
4
ORCID: ORCID
Li Gong
5
ORCID: ORCID
Tengteng Yang
6
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Railway Division, China Railway Construction Engineering Fifth Construction Co., Guangzhou 510000, China
  2. Engineering Quality Supervision Station, China Railway Guangzhou Group Co.,Ltd. Guangzhou 510000, China
  3. Station Building Construction Headquarters, China Railway Guangzhou Group., Ltd, Guangzhou 510000, China
  4. Railway Division, Station building construction headquarters, China Railway Construction Engineering Fifth Construction Co., Guangzhou 510000, China
  5. School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Chin
  6. School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
21 Structural design and simulation analysis of large permeable parking lot in sponge city based on SWMM
Chaoqin Bai , Wang Yibo
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 331-344 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154124
Słowa kluczowe: SWMM LID permeable parking lot runoff control hydrological characteristics
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Abstrakt

To improve the safety of urban underground parking lot and promote the construction of sponge city, a large parking lot structure of sponge city was designed based on rainstorm water management model (SWMM). A new permeable material paving method was designed for a parking lot in Handan City, and a low impact development (LID) parking lot model was constructed based on the SWMM. The simulation results showed that the runoff reduction effect of the permeable parking lot was significant. There was a delay of 3.36 minutes during the 30 minutes of rainfall period. During the 60 minutes rainfall period, there was a delay of 8.5 minutes. The lowest runoff reduction rate was 44% for a 100-year return period. The highest runoff reduction rate was 100% for 60 minutes rainfall duration and a 1-year return period. The lowest runoff reduction rate was 50% for a 100-year return period. The LID permeable parking lot had better runoff control effect, with a total runoff volume of 233 m3, a reduction rate of 83.5%, a peak flow rate of 0.152 m3/s, and a reduction rate of 73.4%. The LID parking lot model developed based on the SWMM has better drainage and water storage performance, making it more suitable for the construction of large permeable parking lots in sponge cities. The permeable parking lot structure studied effectively reduces the time of runoff effect of parking lot, improves the safety of underground parking lot during rainstorm, and promotes the construction and development of sponge city.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Chaoqin Bai
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wang Yibo
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
22 Adaptive building engineering component extraction model based on DSOD
Na Lv , Xuan Yang
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 345-361 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154125
Słowa kluczowe: adaptive build extraction construction engineering deeply supervised target detection
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Abstrakt

With the purpose to bring up the extraction efficiency and accuracy of building construction image component information, the dense block structure and loss function were proposed to optimize the deep supervised object detection algorithm, and an adaptive building construction component extraction model based on this algorithm was constructed. The improved depth-supervised target detection algorithm constructed by the study is validated and found to have an accuracy of 87.4% and a precision of 0.84, which is better than other comparative algorithms. The effectiveness of the adaptive extraction model of building components constructed by the research is verified, and it is found that the extraction error of the model is 9.8%, the value of the loss function is 0.2, and the satisfaction score of the experts is 8.8, and its extraction accuracy and efficiency are better than that of the other models, and it can satisfy the demand for the extraction of components of the construction project. In summary, it can be seen that the adaptive extraction model of building components constructed by the research has excellent information extraction performance, not only can it improve the efficiency of extracting engineering components, but it can also significantly enhance the decision support ability in construction management, optimize resource allocation, reduce risks, and improve the management efficiency of engineering projects. It has a positive contribution to the theory and practice of construction management discipline.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Na Lv
1
ORCID: ORCID
Xuan Yang
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Xinxiang Vocational and Technical College, School of Architecture, Xinxiang, China
23 Architectural design methods based on image recognition technology and virtual VR
Feng Li
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 363-376 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154126
Słowa kluczowe: virtual reality deep learning YOLOv4 image recognition architectural design
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Abstrakt

To enhance the conceptual expression of architectural design and enhance the interactive experience, and to strengthen the application of computer technology in architectural design drawings, this study explores architectural design methods on the ground of image deep learning image recognition technology and augmented reality technology. The experiment demonstrated that when the accuracy of the improved You Only Look Once version 4 (YOLOv4) model was 0.9, the recall rate was 0.98, and the curve area was 0.93. The model loss function curve converged to the minimum value of 0.04, with the fastest convergence speed and the highest model recognition efficiency. Its time consumption was decreased by as much as 70.06%, indicating better overall performance. Meanwhile, the clustering strategy design of the model was relatively optimal, with the highest values of purity, standard mutual information, and Rand coefficient reaching 0.944, 0.931, and 0.942, respectively. In practical analysis of architectural design, the average accuracy and intersection over union of the improved YOLOv4 model confirmed the good detection performance of this method. The application of virtual reality technology in building information models has significantly improved the visualization delay rate, and the subjective evaluation of users was relatively high. The combination of visible image recognition and augmented reality can achieve intelligent processing and application of drawing information, improve design efficiency and quality, and optimize design experience.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Feng Li
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and Technology, College of Architecture and Design, 030619 Jinzhong, China
24 Cost risk assessment for renovating old neighborhood of EPC projects in China using SEM-BNT-MEEM method
Zhang Yinghui , Li Tian
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 377-392 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154127
Słowa kluczowe: renovation of old neighborhood EPC project cost risk assessment general contractor SEM-BNT-MEEM model
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Abstrakt

The transformation of old neighborhood is a significant livelihood project for urban renewal, and promoting the profound transformation of old neighborhood is a significant problem faced by China, while the Engineering Procurement Construction(EPC) model integrates the design, procurement, and construction of the transformation project of old neighborhood, which improves the efficiency and quality of the transformation at the same time, and faces a significant cost risk problem due to the change of fixed lump-sum price contract, so in order to enhance the ability of the general contractor to prevent the cost risk and to improve the transformation project benefits, this study constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system consisting of 19 factors to assess the cost risk in all aspects from environment, technology, management, and economy, which proposes a new type of evaluation method combining structural equation modeling (SEM), blind number theory (BNT), and matter-element extension model (MEEM), and combines with the actual cases of old neighborhood remodeling to arrive at the risk level of the factors and based on the results of the analysis are given to confirm the validity of the model and provides a successful risk assessment tool.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Zhang Yinghui
1
ORCID: ORCID
Li Tian
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Changsha University of Science and Technology, School of Transportation and Traffic Engineering, No.960, Section 2, Wanjiali South Road, Tianxin District, Changsha, Hunan Province
25 Research on static load test of segmental-assembled steel temporary beam buttress of railway line
Wenlong Ma , Yucai Ning , Ronghua Ge , Bo Shen , Yan Wang , Hanqing Zhuge
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 393-412 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154128
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Abstrakt

In order to reduce the self weight of railway line temporary beam buttresses and improve their construction convenience and reusability, this paper proposes the segmental-assembled steel temporary beam buttress. This kind of supporting pier is composed of three steel box segments, which are assembled through connecting plates and bolts. This article processed and produced a 1:4 scaled test specimen of this new-type buttress. The mechanical behavior and failure mode of the specimen was studied by applying a vertical static load equivalent to that transmitted by the temporary beam. According to the vertical load-displacement curve of the test, it can be seen that the specimen did not experience local buckling or overall instability during the loading process, and the overall structural performance is strong. The ultimate bearing capacity of the test component is 388 kN. The assemble joints between adjacent steel box segments are the weak region of the structure. The construction difficulty for the 1/4 scale test specimen may lead to the asymmetric deflection. The main failure modes are the punching failure of the steel plate near the bolt hole and shearing failure of bolts caused by the continuous increase of the joint gap width. It is indicated that the bending resistance of the joint is relatively low and needs to be properly strengthened during the design process. This study provides important support for the design and application of new-type segmental-assembled temporary beam buttress.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Wenlong Ma
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yucai Ning
2
ORCID: ORCID
Ronghua Ge
2
ORCID: ORCID
Bo Shen
3
ORCID: ORCID
Yan Wang
4
ORCID: ORCID
Hanqing Zhuge
5
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Hangzhou Railway Design Institute Co.,Ltd.
  2. Hangzhou Railway Design Institute Co., LTD
  3. Zhejiang Railway Investment Construction Engineering Co., LTD
  4. Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
  5. Zhejiang University of Science and Technology
26 Elevation Error Prediction of Continuous Beam Cantilever Construction Phase Based on LS-SVM
Xilong Zheng , Yunfeng Hu , Baitao Sun
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 413-427 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154129
Słowa kluczowe: LS-SVM model Cantilever pouring Elevation prediction Continuous beams
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Abstrakt

According to the construction of long-link continuous beam bridge, I choose field measured data as research samples and establish an elevation error prediction model by dealing samples, selecting the kernel function, selecting parameters, training, and predicting. I compare the Least Squares-Support Vector Machines (LS-SVM) prediction value with the measured value, the SVM model predictions, the BP neural network model predictions and the dimensionality reduction model predictions, so that predict elevation errors during cantilever construction phases by established models. According to the results of the comparison, the elevation error prediction model is highly accurate and has more high efficiency, good stability, and strong learning ability. Under the verification of the elevation control results in the cantilever stage, LS-SVM elevation error prediction is used for controlling the elevation of the bridge and solves the problem–predictive control successfully which is caused for few beam blocks in the cantilever phase of a continuous girder bridge.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Xilong Zheng
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yunfeng Hu
2
ORCID: ORCID
Baitao Sun
3
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, No. 29 Xuefu Road, Harbin, China
  2. Engineering Department, Ningbo Traffic Engineering Construction Group Co., LTD, No. 3388 Canghai Road, Ningbo, China
  3. Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration, No. 29 Xuefu Road, Harbin, China
27 Post-fire properties of bolt steel, quenched and tempered in the production process
Paweł A. Król
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 429-450 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154130
Słowa kluczowe: cooling method exposure time high-strength steel bolt recovery factor residual post-firemechanical properties retention factor
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Abstrakt

The article presents results of a static tensile test of standardized machined test pieces of round cross-section made of 32CrB3 alloy steel, quenched and tempered in the production process, subjected to environmental actions simulating an extraordinary fire situation. The tests were aimed at assessing the impact of simulated fire conditions on the residual mechanical properties of the analysed steel used to produce grade 8.8 steel construction bolts. The tests involved variants of the maximum temperature applied in the soaking process, exposure time to specific thermal conditions, and the cooling method. The specimens were soaked at temperatures of 600oC, 650oC, 700oC, 750oC, 800oC, 900oC, and 1000oC for periods of 300, 600, 1200 and 2400, respectively, and varied cooling methods were applied during the tests. The first batch of specimens, after soaking, was cooled naturally, left to cool down freely at ambient temperature. In the case of the second batch, the specimens were rapidly cooled by immersion in water until they cooled completely, thus simulating the effect of an intensive firefighting operation. The analysis relates to variability of values of the following post-fire parameters obtained in the static tensile test: ultimate tensile strength – fu; θ; post, yield point – fy; θ; post, modulus of elasticity – Ea; θ; post, ultimate strain at maximum force – "u; θ; post, strain at fracture – "f ; θ; post, percentage elongation after fracture – A5; θ; post, and percentage reduction of area – Zθ;post, depending on the temperature and soaking time, as well as the cooling method applied. The results were compared with those reported in the literature. The values of retention factors and recovery factors were determined.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Paweł A. Król
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw
28 The application of fuzzy set theory in the risk assessment during the construction
Leopold Kruszka , Alexander Kravcov , Jirí Štoller , Maciej Klosak , Izabela Skrzypczak
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 451-471 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154131
Słowa kluczowe: risk assessment fuzzy matrix fuzzy systems civil engineering structures bridges
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Abstrakt

Traditional risk modeling techniques, such as statistical and probabilistic methods, which form the basis of risk estimation and analysis, are not always economically or socially effective tools in construction. This is due, among other things, to the discrepancy between the planning period of a project and its implementation and sustainability. Static or dynamic methods of measuring the effectiveness of projects are commonly used, as well as operational methods to solve problems in specific decision-making situations. The inclusion of subjectivity and the lack of complete and precise information severely limits, and sometimes even prevents the use of traditional methods. Applying fuzzy set theory to model complex issues such as risk seems a desirable and justifiable measure in such a case. The application of fuzzy sets in construction is not a new issue. However, most research studies on the use of fuzzy systems in the construction industry have proved to be either too simplistic or too detailed, therefore fuzzy risk assessment matrices have been proposed. The proposed alternative risk assessment methods are based on fuzzy set theory while considering standard recommendations. The paper discusses basic information on design strategies for building structures taking into account standard recommendations for modeling and risk assessment in construction. An example illustrating the application of the proposed qualitative and quantitative risk estimation methodology to a bridge structure is also included.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Leopold Kruszka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Alexander Kravcov
2
ORCID: ORCID
Jirí Štoller
2
ORCID: ORCID
Maciej Klosak
3
ORCID: ORCID
Izabela Skrzypczak
4
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Military University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, ul. gen. SylwestraKaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland,
  2. University of Defence, Kounicova 65, 66210 Brno, Czech Republic
  3. Universiapolis, Technical University of Agadir, Technopole d’Agadir, Qr Tilila, 80000 Agadir, Morocco
  4. Rzeszow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Powstanców Warszawy 12 Av., 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
29 Numerical prognosis of the dynamic response of the steel rectangular slab under the explosive load
Sławomir Onopiuk , Adam Stolarski , Ryszard Rekucki
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 473-489 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154132
Słowa kluczowe: damping dynamic deformation process explosive load numerical analysis steel slab
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Abstrakt

The paper presents the methodology for determination the numerical prognosis of the dynamic response of the rectangular steel slab subjected to an explosive load, aimed at thorough preparation of experimental tests. In the presented work, in order to fully describe the parameters of the shock wave impact on the steel slab, an appropriate combination of formulas known in the literature was used. In order to describe the dynamic behavior of the rectangular steel slab, the resources of the ABAQUS computing software were used. The Johnson–Cook constitutive model was used to describe the dynamic behavior of the structural material. An explicit procedure has been used to solve the equations of motion for the slab. The parameters of the shock wave from the explosion of the TNT charge with the assumed mass and the distance of its location from the slab were determined. As a result of the numerical analysis, the results of changes in displacement and acceleration in time were presented, indicating the nature of the very intense and fast-varying dynamic behavior of the slab. Conclusions were also formulated regarding the requirements for the selection of parameters of the sensors recording both the function of real explosion pressure in time and the function of acceleration in time of the slab model during experimental tests.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Sławomir Onopiuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Adam Stolarski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Ryszard Rekucki
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Military University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, 2 gen. Sylwestra KaliskiegoStreet, 00-908 Warsaw 46, Poland
  2. Military University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, 2 gen. SylwestraKaliskiego Street, 00-908 Warsaw 46, Poland
30 Utilization of asphalt plant waste powder as a partial cement replacement in concrete
Rafiza Abd Razak , Zuraida Zulkifli , Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Zarina Yahya , Md Azree Othuman Mydin , Shafiq Ishak , Marcin Nabialek , Bartlomiej Jez
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 491-501 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154133
Słowa kluczowe: asphalt plant waste powder (APWP) concrete flexural strength compressive strength ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV)
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Abstrakt

Asphalt Plant Waste Powder (APWP) is a sort of waste that asphalt mixing facilities produce in enormous amounts. These materials have the potential to cause a plethora of new health and environmental concerns; thus, they should be changed into something more useful and environmentally friendly. This substance comprising silicon and aluminium, which can be utilised as a cement substitute or in building. Utilization of APWP is a novel, since very limited research has used this material especially in concrete. This study will evaluate the use of Asphalt Plant Waste Powder (APWP) as a cement substitute in order to produce regular, usable concrete. This study aims to determine the ideal amount of cement replacement by APWP for use as a building material and to manufacture normal concrete with a density of less than 2400 kg/m3. To partially replace cement, four proposed percentages of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% are utilised. Compressive and flexural strength were examined at 28 days throughout the project. All specimens were water-cured prior to being examined. The optimal replacement of cement by APWP is therefore 10% with compressive strength of 53.75 MPa, density of 2456 kg/m3, Ultra Pulse Velocity (UPV) of 3.82 km/s, and flexural strength of 5.84 MPa. Consequently, it is suggested that APWP can be utilised as a cement alternative at a replacement rate of 10%.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Rafiza Abd Razak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zuraida Zulkifli
2
ORCID: ORCID
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
3
Zarina Yahya
4
ORCID: ORCID
Md Azree Othuman Mydin
5
ORCID: ORCID
Shafiq Ishak
6
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Nabialek
7
ORCID: ORCID
Bartlomiej Jez
8
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Technology, University of Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),Perlis, Malaysia; Geopolymer and Green Technology, Centre of Excellence (CEGeoGTech), University of Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia,
  2. Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology , University of Malaysia Perlis, 02100 Padang Besar, Perlis, Malaysia
  3. Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia; Geopolymer and Green Technology, Centre of Excellence (CEGeoGTech), University of Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia
  4. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Technology, University of Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia; Geopolymer and Green Technology, Centre of Excellence (CEGeoGTech), University of Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia
  5. School of Housing, Building and Planning, University of Science Malaysia, 11800, PulauPinang, Malaysia
  6. Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Technology Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia
  7. Department of Physics, Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, al. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
  8. Department of Technology and Automation, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Czestochowa University of Technology, al. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
31 Model studies and quantitative evaluation of the reduction of gyttja consolidation settlement by different types of piled raft foundations
Grzegorz Kacprzak , Mateusz Frydrych
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 503-519 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154134
Słowa kluczowe: CPRF – combined pile-raft foundation settlement consolidation of gyttja soil compressibility coefficient of consolidation settlement reduction
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Abstrakt

Combined Pile-Raft Foundations (CPRF) are widely employed to mitigate vertical settlement in building and engineering structures. For structures resting on cohesive and organic soils, understanding the time required for complete stabilization of settlement is crucial. The total settlement involves instantaneous settlement (elastic ground deformation), consolidation settlement (water squeezing from pore space), and secondary settlement (structural changes in the ground skeleton, known as secondary consolidation or soil creep). Urban expansion, notably in cities like Warsaw, compels developers to construct in previously overlooked areas, potentially containing organic carbonate sediments like gyttja and chalk. Buildings on such organic soils often settle due to gyttja consolidation during construction and operation. Analyzing long-term settlement, especially of CPRF on reconsolidated organic soils, becomes paramount. Model tests on a laboratory scale offer a cost-effective alternative to large-scale tests, providing quantitative insights into CPRF settlement reduction through piles. This study presents results from model tests conducted on natural organic soils, enabling the prediction of CPRF settlement solely based on gyttja’s geotechnical parameters.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Grzegorz Kacprzak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mateusz Frydrych
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland
32 Comparative evaluation of concrete constitutive models in blast loaded shaped structural units
Sreekumar Punnappilly , Baskar Kaliyamoorthy
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 521-536 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154135
Słowa kluczowe: acceptor structure apsidal unit blast load CSCM model cylindrical unit RHT model
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Abstrakt

The displacement response of a cylindrical and an apsidal shaped structural unit under blast loading is compared in this study using the finite element code LS-DYNA utilizing two different concrete constitutive models, namely the Riedel–Hiermaier–Thoma (RHT) model and the Continuous Surface Cap Model (CSCM). The blast load generated by an emulsion explosive corresponding to six scaled distances is used for the study. The validation of the displacement response is carried out by utilizing the Newmark numerical integration procedure using the linear acceleration method. The unique apsidal shape in its displacement response performs better across all the simulations indicating superior blast resistance. CSCM model returns conservative values of displacements in the study. The study finds that the RHT model requires higher stress levels for consideration of dynamic strengths and hence returns lower displacement values for the instances considered in this simulation. This study recommends the use of an apsidal unit and the use of RHT constitutive model in the simulations.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Sreekumar Punnappilly
1
ORCID: ORCID
Baskar Kaliyamoorthy
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India
33 Assessment of the risk of road embankment instability due to water filtration using fully coupled numerical analysis
Miłosz Just
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 537-550 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154136
Słowa kluczowe: cut-off wall FEM slope stability road embankment sheet pile wall
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Abstrakt

The cut-off walls of infrastructural ground structures are a vital aspect of geotechnical engineering, with the array of available technologies in this domain continually expanding. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheet pile walls are gaining popularity and have become a significant choice in design solutions, despite the long-standing recognition of sheet pile walls in their traditional steel form. This paper presents a case study focusing on a road embankment of a Provincial Road number 181 in Poland. It provides a historical perspective of the embankment, details the soil and water conditions of the area, and conducts an extensive analysis of filtration through embankment at various construction stages using the Finite Element Method. The study offers insights into the three-dimensional model, incorporating a fully coupled stress and seepage analysis. The results encompass water flow paths, slope stability, and displacements before and after the construction of the impermeable barrier, providing a comprehensive view of this modern and eco-friendly engineering solution.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Miłosz Just
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. oznan University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, ul. Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
34 Factors influencing labour safety within construction sites in the Mekong delta
Thi My Dung Do , Dinh Tuan Hai
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 551-573 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154137
Słowa kluczowe: construction site accident labour safety project risk
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Abstrakt

Construction workers consistently prioritise safety when carrying out their tasks on construction sites. The matter of ensuring labour safety on construction sites requires attention, investment, and strict adherence to regulations from the outset. This is crucial due to the numerous potential risks inherent in the construction industry. In the current market economy, many entities have shown a lack of focus on safety in favour of profit. This article examines the factors influencing labour safety during the construction process on sites in the Mekong Delta region. It employs a survey to gather insights from experts and managers in the area, followed by the application of SPSS software to quantitatively assess the impact of these factors on labour safety in the region’s construction sites. The analysis results provide a foundation for relevant units to suggest solutions aimed at minimising occupational accidents and enhancing awareness among participants at construction sites across the country, with a specific focus on the Mekong Delta region. This initiative ultimately aims to ensure that workers at construction sites enjoy a comfortable and safe working environment, while also mitigating financial losses to the national budget and fostering a secure workplace for all workers.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Thi My Dung Do
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dinh Tuan Hai
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Mien Tay Construction University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vinh Long, 58000, Vietnam
  2. Hanoi Architectural University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Km 10, Nguyen Trai Street,Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi City, Vietnam
35 Identification of damage to a steel I-beam based on changes in frequency and curvature of the mode shape in a steel-concrete composite beam
Małgorzata Jarosińska , Tomasz Wróblewski
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 577-592 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154138
Słowa kluczowe: damage diagnosis mode shape curvature natural frequencies steel-concrete composite beams
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Abstrakt

This paper presents changes in modal parameters, i.e. natural frequencies and the curvature of the mode shape, as a result of damage in the steel I-beam of a composite member. A steel-concrete composite beam was analyzed, for which numerical simulations (rigid finite element model) and experimental tests were carried out. The damage analyzed was intended to simulate actual propagation of cracking in the steel I-beam. Two levels of damage occurring at two different locations in the beam were studied. The value of frequency changes of experimental and numerical evaluations have shown high consistency (margin of a few percent). Natural frequencies turned out to be sensitive to the introduced damage – their values decreased as the degree of damage in the beam increased. The Curvature Damage Factor was used to analyze the curvature of the mode of vibration. The results obtained in the numerical evaluations were satisfactory. In relation to experimental tests, lower effectiveness was achieved, which was most likely caused by a different density of the measurement grid compared to numerical analyses.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Małgorzata Jarosińska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Tomasz Wróblewski
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, al. Piastów 50a, 70-311 Szczecin
36 Microstructure of calcium sulfoaluminate mortar with basalt additive at elevated temperature
Konrad A. Sodol , Sebastian Miszczak , Jacek Szer , Łukasz Kaczmarek
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 593-607 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154139
Słowa kluczowe: basalt calcium sulfoaluminate CSA high-temperature microstructure
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Abstrakt

This article is motivated by ensure the fire safety of the building and deeper understanding on special cements under elevated temperature loads. Knowledge about influence of high temperatures on calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) based materials has crucial impact on ensuring the fire safety of the buildings. CSA based composites are dedicated to special usage in demanding infrastructure constructions. As there is no or insufficient evidence on the influence of heat on calcium sulfoaluminate materials, this article is motivated to extend current literature knowledge on CSA microstructures at higher temperatures up to 800oC. Recognising the effect of high temperature is particularly important given the significant differences between CSA and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Evidence shows influence of mixture proportion on composite structure, filler-matrix bond, and matrix behaviour during temperature exposure. Obtained results might help in understanding phenomena occurring within material under temperature load and determine next research directions in this area.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Konrad A. Sodol
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sebastian Miszczak
2
ORCID: ORCID
Jacek Szer
3
ORCID: ORCID
Łukasz Kaczmarek
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Hydro Building Systems Poland, R&D Departament, ul. Rokicinska 211/217, 92-620 Lodz, Poland
  2. Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-537 Lodz, Poland
  3. Lodz University of Technology, Department of Building Physics and Sustainable Design, Al. Politechniki 6, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
37 Fuzzy reliability as a tool to estimate the technological and organizational solutions in construction projects
Irene Ladnykh , Nabi Ibadov
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 609-623 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154140
Słowa kluczowe: technological and organizational solution fuzzy reliability risk assessment selection of construction works construction implementation
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Abstrakt

This paper presents a new framework for risk-based assessment of technological and organizational construction solutions using fuzzy reliability. In construction practice, there is a problem that often the actual duration and budget of the project is longer than the estimated figures at the design stage of the technological and organizational solution. In addition, individual construction activities during construction are affected by various risk factors, which can also increase the duration or budget of construction. At the same time, technological and organizational solutions and risks are often associated with the concept of reliability. Therefore, the authors analyzed various frameworks for assessing technological and organizational reliability in construction projects, identified strengths and weaknesses, and proposed a new approach to assessing technological and organizational reliability. In addition, the authors clarified the terms of serial and parallel systems used in the theory of reliability for technical systems taking into account the specifics of the construction process. This article presents an algorithm for fuzzy reliability assessment of technological and organizational solutions that considers the impact of risks on each work. The numerical example presented in this article allows us to evaluate the practical significance of the proposed assessment tool on the network model. The conclusion suggests further research and improvement of the proposed framework.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Irene Ladnykh
1
ORCID: ORCID
Nabi Ibadov
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland
38 Parameter analysis of a cable-stayed bridge without backstays
Xilong Zheng
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 625-642 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154141
Słowa kluczowe: cable-stayed bridge without backstays parameter analysis tilt angle stiffness
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Abstrakt

A cable-stayed bridge without backstays is an important branch of the cable-stayed bridge family. It tilts the bridge tower to one side and removes the backstay cable, relying on its own weight to balance the tension in the slanted cables. It has the characteristics of novel structure and beautiful appearance and is highly favored in the construction of urban areas both domestically and internationally. This paper, based on the main bridge construction project of the Jinzhou Bridge, uses finite element analysis software to establish a spatial model and simulate the construction process, focusing on parameter analysis and the effect of bridge tower tilt angle. The paper analyzes the impact of changes in parameters such as structural stiffness and tension on the structure in the completed bridge state, and concludes that the sensitivity parameters affecting the deformation and internal force of the bridge are tension, temperature, and shrinkage creep, while the insensitivity parameter is structural stiffness. The force state of the cable-stayed bridge without backstays is closely related to the tilt angle of the tower. By changing the tower’s tilt angle, the paper studies the changes in the structural forces and the impact of the tower tilt angle on the structural performance and bridge cost.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Xilong Zheng
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Harbin University, School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, No.109 Zhongxing Da Dao, Harbin, China
39 Determining the end of primary consolidation parameters based on settlement and excess pore water pressure
Bartłomiej Szczepan Olek
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 643-659 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154142
Słowa kluczowe: clay consolidation dissipation end of primary excess pore water pressure
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Abstrakt

The multiple-stage loading with reloading at EOP tests were carried out on two high-plasticity remoulded clays. One percentage of the initial value of an excess pore water pressure has been adopted as a reference for the end of the primary consolidation criterion. Based on the measurements of the settlement with time, six methods were used for determining the EOP parameters. For all studied consolidation curves, the primary consolidation time determined by settlement data was always smaller than those specified by dissipation data. All analysed cases have observed the lack of complete dissipation at the primary consolidation time determined by settlement data. The magnitude of remaining pore pressure at the primary consolidation time determined by various methods and the degree of additional settlement induced by remaining pore pressure at the primary consolidation time indicate an underestimation of EOP parameters when the interpretation of the test is based only on the analysis of sample settlement. Based on the average degree of consolidation imposed by the excess pore water pressure dissipation at primary consolidation time, the most similar time values at EOP to that determined using the excess pore water pressure dissipation criterion were obtained using the SRS, Casagrande and Slope methods.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Bartłomiej Szczepan Olek
ORCID: ORCID
40 Structural testing of compression members reinforced with FRP bars
Maria Włodarczyk
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2025 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 661-674 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2025.154143
Słowa kluczowe: results of experimental tests concrete columns reinforcement Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymer bars Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Polymer bars compression resistance
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Abstrakt

The Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bars are increasingly used as an alternative to steel reinforcement in concrete structures. Their wide applicability is due to their properties such as high strength, resistance to corrosion, easy cutting, etc. For many years, research has been conducted on the identification of properties and the possibility of application of FRP bars in structural members as the alternative to steel reinforcement. This paper presents results of experimental tests of concrete columns reinforced with BFRP (Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymer) and HFRP (Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Polymer) bars. Observed failure modes are presented along with comparison of the experimental and the predicted ultimate capacities of the regarded columns.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Maria Włodarczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland

Zasady etyki publikacyjnej

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”Archives of Civil Engineering” respects and promotes the principles of publishing ethics. Being guided by COPE’s Guidelines ( https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines) we ensure that all participants of the publishing process comply with these rules, the journal pays special attention to:

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-The editor maintains the integrity of the academic record, precludes business needs from compromising intellectual and ethical standards, and is always willing to publish corrections, clarifications, retractions, and apologies when needed.
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